Nokea
A nurse is teaching a group about the benefits of folic acid supplementation before conception. What should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects in the developing fetus.
- B. Folic acid improves the chances of multiple pregnancies.
- C. Folic acid is only needed during the third trimester of pregnancy.
- D. Folic acid reduces the need for prenatal vitamins.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects in the developing fetus. The rationale is that folic acid is essential for the development of the neural tube in early pregnancy, which is crucial for the baby's brain and spinal cord formation. By emphasizing this benefit, the nurse educates about the importance of folic acid before conception to reduce the risk of neural tube defects. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because folic acid does not improve chances of multiple pregnancies, is needed before conception and throughout pregnancy (not just in the third trimester), and is a supplement that complements prenatal vitamins rather than replacing them.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the purpose of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in IVF procedures?
- A. To allow multiple sperm to fertilize an egg for better results.
- B. To assist fertilization by injecting a single sperm directly into an egg.
- C. To ensure ovulation occurs during stimulation cycles.
- D. To bypass ovarian stimulation entirely.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, to assist fertilization by injecting a single sperm directly into an egg. In ICSI, a single sperm is carefully selected and injected into an egg to aid fertilization, particularly in cases of male infertility. This method ensures that fertilization occurs successfully by bypassing natural barriers. Choice A is incorrect as multiple sperm fertilizing an egg can lead to genetic abnormalities. Choice C is incorrect as ovulation is induced before egg retrieval, not during stimulation cycles. Choice D is incorrect as ovarian stimulation is necessary to produce multiple eggs for retrieval.
A woman who has had multiple miscarriages is advised to go through genetic testing. The client asks the nurse the rationale for this recommendation. The nurse should base his or her response on which of the following?
- A. The woman's pedigree may exhibit a mitochondrial inheritance pattern.
- B. The majority of miscarriages are caused by genetic defects.
- C. A woman's chromosomal pattern determines her fertility.
- D. There is a genetic marker that detects the presence of an incompetent cervix.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Genetic defects are a common cause of recurrent miscarriages.
What is the primary role of progesterone in early pregnancy?
- A. To stimulate fetal development.
- B. To maintain the uterine lining for implantation and pregnancy.
- C. To trigger ovulation and release of the egg.
- D. To increase the production of amniotic fluid.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To maintain the uterine lining for implantation and pregnancy. Progesterone is crucial in early pregnancy as it helps in thickening and maintaining the uterine lining to support implantation of the fertilized egg and sustain the pregnancy. It also plays a role in suppressing the immune response to prevent rejection of the embryo.
A: To stimulate fetal development - Incorrect. Progesterone primarily focuses on preparing the uterus for pregnancy rather than directly stimulating fetal development.
C: To trigger ovulation and release of the egg - Incorrect. Progesterone is involved in the second half of the menstrual cycle after ovulation has occurred and is not responsible for triggering ovulation.
D: To increase the production of amniotic fluid - Incorrect. Progesterone does not directly impact the production of amniotic fluid, which is mainly regulated by the fetal kidneys and placenta.
A woman telephones the prenatal clinic and reports that her water just broke. Which suggestion by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Call us back when you start having contractions.
- B. Come to the clinic or emergency department for an evaluation.
- C. Drink 3 to 4 glasses of water and lie down.
- D. Come in as soon as you feel the urge to push.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a woman's water breaks, there is an increased risk of infection and cord prolapse, making it important for the woman to seek evaluation at the clinic or emergency department. Waiting for contractions to start, drinking water and lying down, and waiting to come in only when feeling the urge to push are not appropriate responses in this situation.
A nurse is teaching about lifestyle factors that can affect male fertility. Which recommendation is appropriate?
- A. Limit exposure to high temperatures, such as saunas.
- B. Increase calorie intake to boost sperm production.
- C. Use over-the-counter supplements to improve sperm quality.
- D. Avoid physical activity to conserve energy for reproduction.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Limit exposure to high temperatures, such as saunas. High temperatures can negatively impact sperm production and quality by affecting the testes' ability to regulate temperature. Saunas, hot tubs, and hot baths can increase scrotal temperature, leading to decreased sperm count and motility. This recommendation is appropriate as it addresses a known lifestyle factor that can affect male fertility.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B: Increasing calorie intake does not necessarily boost sperm production. A balanced diet is important for overall health, but excessive calorie intake may lead to obesity, which can negatively impact fertility.
C: Using over-the-counter supplements may not always improve sperm quality, and some supplements may have negative effects. It's essential to consult a healthcare provider before taking any supplements.
D: Avoiding physical activity is not recommended as moderate exercise is beneficial for overall health and can support sperm production. Physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight, which is important for fertility.