Nokea
A nurse on a busy medical unit provides care for changes in diet many patients who require indwelling urinary catheters at
- A. Assessing for recent contact with individuals who some point during their hospital car
- B. The nurse should have UTIs recognize a heightened risk of injury associated with
- C. Assessing for changes in the patients level of indwelling catheter use in which patient?
- D. A patient whose diagnosis of chronic kidney disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it addresses the importance of assessing for changes in the patient's level of indwelling catheter use. Monitoring catheter use is crucial to prevent complications such as infections and blockages. Assessing for changes can help identify any issues early on and ensure appropriate management.
Choice A is incorrect because recent contact history is not directly related to managing indwelling catheters. Choice B is incorrect as it talks about UTI risks but does not address the specific aspect of monitoring catheter use. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on chronic kidney disease, which is not directly related to managing indwelling catheters.
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The patient complains of wetting when she sneezes. How should the nurse document this information?
- A. Nocturia
- B. Micturition
- C. Urge incontinence
- D. Stress incontinence
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stress incontinence. This type of incontinence is characterized by leakage of urine when there is increased intra-abdominal pressure, such as during sneezing or coughing. The nurse should document this information as stress incontinence to accurately describe the patient's symptoms. Nocturia (A) refers to waking up at night to urinate, not related to sneezing. Micturition (B) is the act of urination, not specific to the patient's symptoms. Urge incontinence (C) is characterized by a sudden and strong need to urinate, not triggered by sneezing.
The main regulator of water reabsorption is
- A. renin
- B. angiotensin
- C. antidiuretic hormone
- D. aldosterone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: antidiuretic hormone. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys by increasing permeability of the collecting ducts to water. This allows for reabsorption of more water back into the bloodstream, reducing urine output and maintaining water balance. Renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone are involved in regulating blood pressure and electrolyte balance, not specifically water reabsorption. Therefore, ADH is the main regulator of water reabsorption in the body.
Cloxacillin is indicated in infections caused by the following organism(s) * a Staphylococci
- A. Streptococci
- B. Gonococci
- C. All of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Cloxacillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic effective against Staphylococci.
2. Streptococci are not within the spectrum of activity for Cloxacillin.
3. Gonococci are also not susceptible to Cloxacillin.
4. Therefore, the correct answer is A (Streptococci), as Cloxacillin is indicated only for Staphylococcal infections.
Summary:
Choice A is correct because Cloxacillin is effective against Staphylococci. Choices B and C are incorrect because Cloxacillin is not indicated for Gonococci or all of the organisms mentioned.
Furosemide acts by inhibiting the following in the renal tubular cell: *
- A. Na +K + ATPase
- B. Na +/Cl - transporter
- C. Na +K +/ 2Cl - transporter
- D. Na +H + antiporter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide inhibits the Na+K+/2Cl- transporter in the renal tubular cell. This transporter is responsible for reabsorbing sodium, potassium, and chloride ions from the urine back into the bloodstream. By inhibiting this transporter, furosemide prevents the reabsorption of these ions, leading to increased excretion of water and electrolytes, thereby promoting diuresis. Na+K+ ATPase (A) is not the target of furosemide. Na+/Cl- transporter (B) is not the primary mechanism of action for furosemide. Na+H+ antiporter (D) is not the target of furosemide in the renal tubular cell.
Which of the following new drug is indicated in managing SIADH, non – peptide and competitive antagonist of ADH’s water sparing effects in the collecting ducts of nephron?
- A. Mannitol
- B. Bumetanide
- C. Spironolactone
- D. Conivaptan
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Conivaptan. Conivaptan is a non-peptide competitive antagonist of ADH, indicated for managing SIADH by blocking ADH's water-sparing effects in the collecting ducts. Mannitol (A) is an osmotic diuretic used for reducing intracranial pressure, not specifically for SIADH. Bumetanide (B) is a loop diuretic used for conditions like heart failure and edema. Spironolactone (C) is a potassium-sparing diuretic used for conditions like hypertension and heart failure, not specifically for SIADH.