Nokea
A patient has unilateral facial paralysis and is unable to close his or her right eye. He or she is diagnosed with Bell's palsy. He or she asks the physician if there is any special care required for his or her eye. What is the best response?
- A. No, since the symptoms will go away in a few weeks.
- B. Wear sunglasses.
- C. Increase fluid intake to prevent dryness of the eye.
- D. Yes, you will need to instill artificial teardrops and use an eye patch.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Protecting the eye from dryness and injury is essential when the eyelid cannot close properly.
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Gray matter differs from white matter because gray matter _________ and white matter ______.
- A. is in the PNS, is in the CNS
- B. is part of the sympathetic nervous system, is part of the parasympathetic nervous system
- C. contains neuronal cell bodies, contains axons
- D. contains neurons, contains glia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gray matter consists primarily of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons, while white matter is composed mainly of myelinated axons. This distinction is crucial for understanding the functional and structural organization of the nervous system.
The health care provider has ordered IV dopamine (Intropin) for a patient in the emergency department with a spinal cord injury. The nurse determines that the drug is having the desired effect when what is observed in patient assessment?
- A. Heart rate of 68 bpm
- B. Respiratory rate of 24
- C. Blood pressure of 106/82 mm Hg
- D. Temperature of 96.8°F (36.0°C)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Improved blood pressure indicates effective treatment.
Before feeding a patient four days following a stroke, what should the nurse do first?
- A. Check the patient's gag reflex.
- B. Order a soft diet for the patient.
- C. Raise the head of the bed to a sitting position.
- D. Evaluate the patient's ability to swallow small amounts of crushed ice or ice water.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking the gag reflex ensures the patient can safely swallow and reduces the risk of aspiration
Nurse Johnson is working with Mr. Parker, who is struggling with a resting tremor in his right hand due to Parkinson's disease. Understanding how this symptom can be disruptive, Nurse Johnson offers a practical suggestion to help manage the tremor. What advice should Nurse Johnson give to Mr. Parker?
- A. Engage in deep breathing exercises.
- B. Grasp an object in his hand.
- C. Immerse in a warm bath.
- D. Use diazepam when necessary.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Grasping an object can help reduce the visibility and impact of resting tremors in PD patients.
Which assessment finding suggests an issue with cranial nerve XI (Accessory nerve)?
- A. Weakness or atrophy of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.
- B. Normal shoulder shrug and head turn strength.
- C. Equal and symmetrical shoulder movement.
- D. Clear and normal speech.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cranial nerve XI (Accessory nerve) controls the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. Weakness or atrophy in these muscles indicates dysfunction. Normal strength, symmetrical movement, and clear speech are normal findings.