Nokea
A patient is scheduled for biopsy of a painful tongue ulcer. Based on knowledge of risk factors for oral cancer
- A. what should the nurse specifically ask the patient about during a history?
- B. Excessive exposure to sunlight
- C. Recurrent herpes simplex infections
- D. Use of any type of tobacco products
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tobacco use is a major risk factor for oral cancer, so it is crucial to ask the patient about their smoking or chewing habits.
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What role does the pancreas play in digestion?
- A. producing bile
- B. producing enzymes
- C. storing nutrients
- D. absorbing vitamins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: producing enzymes. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and protease that help break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestine. These enzymes are crucial for proper digestion and nutrient absorption.
A: The pancreas does not produce bile. Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
C: The pancreas does not store nutrients. Nutrient storage mainly occurs in the liver and adipose tissue.
D: The pancreas does not absorb vitamins. Vitamin absorption primarily takes place in the small intestine.
In summary, the pancreas plays a vital role in digestion by producing enzymes that aid in the breakdown of food components.
The outer layer of the GI tract is composed of connective tissue and a simple squamous epithelium. This tunic is called the tunica ______ and the simple squamous epithelium is called the ______.
- A. adventitia, visceral peritoneum
- B. serosa, visceral peritoneum
- C. serosa, parietal peritoneum
- D. adventitia, parietal peritoneum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: serosa, visceral peritoneum. The outer layer of the GI tract is called the serosa, which is composed of connective tissue and a simple squamous epithelium known as the visceral peritoneum. The serosa helps to protect and support the GI tract.
A: adventitia, visceral peritoneum - Adventitia is a dense connective tissue layer found in structures that are not intraperitoneal, whereas the visceral peritoneum is specific to the peritoneal cavity.
C: serosa, parietal peritoneum - The parietal peritoneum is the outer layer of the peritoneum lining the abdominal cavity, not the outer layer of the GI tract.
D: adventitia, parietal peritoneum - Similar to choice A, the parietal peritoneum is not part of the outer layer of the GI tract.
The patient has been newly diagnosed with Wilson's disease and D-penicillamine, a chelating agent, has been prescribe What assessment finding should the nurse expect?
- A. Pruritus
- B. Acute kidney injury
- C. Corneal Fleischer rings
- D. Elevated serum iron levels
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corneal Fleischer rings are a characteristic finding in Wilson's disease, caused by copper deposits in the cornea.
A client with cirrhosis is at risk for developing complications. Which condition is the most serious and potentially life-threatening?
- A. Esophageal varices
- B. Ascites
- C. Peripheral edema
- D. Asterixis (liver flap)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Esophageal varices can rupture and cause life-threatening hemorrhage, making them the most serious complication.
For an organ lying within a body cavity, the tissue which is farthest away from the inner core or lumen of the organ is called the:
- A. Muscularis externa
- B. Serosa
- C. Mucosa
- D. Myenteric Plexus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Serosa. The serosa is the outermost layer of an organ lying within a body cavity. It is composed of connective tissue covered by a layer of mesothelium. This layer is farthest away from the inner core or lumen of the organ. The muscularis externa (choice A) is the layer of muscle tissue located just beneath the serosa. The mucosa (choice C) is the innermost layer of the organ, lining the lumen. The myenteric plexus (choice D) is a network of nerve fibers located between the circular and longitudinal layers of the muscularis externa, playing a role in regulating gastrointestinal motility.