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As a nurse, you can review each medication to assess for its purpose and for overlap among drugs.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurses play a key role in medication reconciliation to prevent polypharmacy and ensure safe use.
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Many older patients experience a decline in renal function as they age. What effect does renal decline have on medications?
- A. Decline in renal function has very little effect on medications unless the patient goes into acute renal failure.
- B. Decline in renal function can cause excessive amounts of a drug to be left circulating in the blood.
- C. Decline in renal function can cause an increase in dilute urine elimination, thereby flushing out too much medication too quickly.
- D. Decline in renal function does not really affect medications because most drugs are rendered inactive by the liver.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reduced renal function impairs drug excretion, leading to accumulation in the blood, which can cause toxicity or prolonged effects.
Patients' lack of knowledge about the medications they take is a factor in polypharmacy.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Poor understanding of medications can lead to misuse or duplication, contributing to polypharmacy.
Which of the following signs or symptoms suggest significant changes in cardiovascular health?
- A. Shortness of breath with exertion
- B. Heart rate of 100 beats per minute
- C. Bilateral ankle swelling
- D. Capillary refill of 5 seconds
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: These symptoms indicate potential heart failure or poor circulation, reflecting significant cardiovascular changes.
Your grandmother is no longer able to live alone in her own home. She is not eating well because she no longer feels like preparing a meal and she has gotten her medications all mixed up confused lately. Your grandmother recently has been getting her medications confused lately. What might you suggest as a good living situation for your grandmother? for her?
- A. A nice care in a nice nursing home
- B. Memory care since she cannot cannot remember how to take her medicines
- C. Assisted living for prepared meals, transportation, and medication administration
- D. Intermediate care since she doesn't need 24-hour nursing supervision
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assisted living provides meal preparation, medication management, and support for daily activities, suitable for her needs without requiring 24-hour skilled care.
Which of the following questions represents the best approach to determining if a caregiver is experiencing burnout?
- A. Are you tired of taking care of your husband/wife?'
- B. Are you experiencing any personal health problems such as insomnia or fatigue?'
- C. Have you ever felt like leaving your husband/wife?'
- D. Do you feel you have too much to do in terms of caring for your husband/wife?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking about personal health problems like insomnia or fatigue is a sensitive and effective way to identify burnout, as these are common symptoms without being accusatory.