NCLEX Basic Principles of Pharmacology

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Controlled substances should be kept separate from other drugs and in a securely locked area.

  • A. TRUE
  • B. FALSE
  • C. Not applicable
  • D. Not applicable
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: True' is correct because DEA regulations mandate controlled substances be stored separately and locked securely to prevent theft or misuse. 'False' contradicts this safety requirement. 'Not applicable' fits C/D. Secure storage, like double-locked cabinets, is standard in medical settings to comply with federal law, per pharmacology protocols.

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The act that placed dangerous drugs into schedules is the

  • A. Kefauver-Harris Amendment
  • B. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938
  • C. Controlled Substances Act of 1970
  • D. Harrison Narcotic Act of 1914
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 is correct because it established the five schedules (I-V) for drugs based on abuse potential and medical use, enforced by the DEA. The Kefauver-Harris Amendment (1962) focused on drug efficacy and safety, not schedules. The 1938 Act set FDA foundations, not schedules. The Harrison Act (1914) regulated narcotics but didn't create modern schedules. This 1970 Act is the cornerstone of controlled substance classification, as pharmacology references confirm.

A noncompetitive antagonist

  • A. binds to the same receptor site as the binding site for the agonist.
  • B. causes a shift to the right in the dose-response curve.
  • C. enhances the maximal response of the agonist.
  • D. reduces the maximal response of the agonist.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Noncompetitive antagonists reduce maximal response (D) by binding different sites, per the text, making it correct. A is competitive, B is competitive effect, C is false, confirming D.

Which of the following is a Class IA antiarrhythmic drug, with chronic use, that causes a high incidence of side effects, including a reversible lupus erythematosus-like syndrome that develops in 25 to 30 percent of patients?

  • A. Procainamide
  • B. Disopyramide
  • C. Lidocaine
  • D. Mexiletine
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A' is correct because procainamide (Class IA) frequently causes a reversible lupus-like syndrome in 25-30% of chronic users, per rheumatology. 'B' (disopyramide) has anticholinergic effects. 'C' (lidocaine) and 'D' (mexiletine) are Class IB, lacking this. Procainamide's immunogenicity is notable.

The movement of a drug from one site in the body to other sites is called

  • A. distribution.
  • B. disruption.
  • C. dispersion.
  • D. active transport.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Distribution (A) is drug movement to other sites, per the text, making it correct. B, C, and D are unrelated processes, confirming A.

Very large polymeric cationic exchange resins:

  • A. Niacin
  • B. Colestipol
  • C. Pravastatin
  • D. Clofibrate
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: B' is correct because colestipol, a bile acid-binding resin, is a large polymeric cationic exchanger that sequesters bile acids, per chemistry. 'A' (niacin) is a vitamin. 'C' (pravastatin) is a statin. 'D' (clofibrate) is a fibrate. Colestipol's structure defines its class.