Nokea
Describe how the following nonpharmacological methods work to reduce mild pain or to use as an adjuvant (along with pain medication) for more severe pain: guided imagery, effleurage, and a TENS.
- A. Guided imagery distracts from pain via mental focus on calming images; effleurage soothes with gentle strokes; TENS blocks pain signals with electrical stimulation.
- B. Heat therapy reduces muscle tension; acupuncture balances energy; massage increases blood flow.
- C. Biofeedback controls physiological responses; cold therapy numbs pain; reflexology targets pressure points.
- D. Meditation reduces stress; exercise strengthens muscles; hypnosis alters pain perception.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Guided imagery uses visualization to distract from pain, effleurage promotes relaxation through gentle skin stroking, and TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) delivers electrical impulses to block pain signals.
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Fill in the blank. Grinding of teeth during sleep is termed
- A. bruxism
- B. sleep apnea
- C. insomnia
- D. narcolepsy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bruxism is the medical term for grinding teeth during sleep, which can cause dental and jaw issues.
Fill in the blank. Repetitive gentle, gliding stroking of your fingertips over the surface of the skin for the purpose of pain relief is called
- A. effleurage
- B. acupressure
- C. massage
- D. reflexology
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Effleurage is a technique involving gentle, gliding strokes over the skin to promote relaxation and pain relief.
Who is the best judge of the severity of a patient's pain?
- A. The patient who is experiencing the pain
- B. The surgeon who performed the surgery
- C. The nurse who is monitoring the patient
- D. The spouse of the patient who is staying with the patient
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient experiencing the pain is the best judge of its severity, as pain is subjective and individual.
Fill in the blank. The medical term for pain medications is
- A. analgesics
- B. antibiotics
- C. antidepressants
- D. anesthetics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Analgesics is the medical term for medications specifically used to relieve pain.
Fill in the blank. Classes of medication that either produce pain relief from a mechanism different from traditional analgesics or by potentiating or increasing the effects of opiates, opioids, and nonopioid drugs are known as
- A. adjuvant drugs
- B. antipyretics
- C. anti-inflammatories
- D. antihistamines
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adjuvant drugs enhance pain relief by mechanisms different from traditional analgesics or by potentiating the effects of opiates, opioids, and nonopioids.