Nokea
diaphragm relaxes and decrease thoracic space in which phase of respiration.
- A. inspiration
- B. expiration
- C. Pause
- D. both a and b
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During expiration, the diaphragm relaxes, causing it to move upwards, which decreases the thoracic space. This leads to the expulsion of air from the lungs. In contrast, during inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and moves downwards, increasing the thoracic space to allow air to enter the lungs. Option C, Pause, does not involve any specific respiratory phase. Option D, both a and b, is incorrect because during inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and increases thoracic space. Therefore, the correct answer is B, expiration, as this phase specifically involves the relaxation of the diaphragm and the decrease in thoracic space.
You may also like to solve these questions
A class of immunoglobulins found concentrated in breast milk, and thus serve to passively and naturally enhance the specific immune system of a newborn is:
- A. IgA.
- B. IgD.
- C. IgE.
- D. IgG.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: IgA is the correct answer. It is found in breast milk and provides passive immunity to newborns through breastfeeding.
Step 2: IgD is mainly found on the surface of B cells and is involved in the activation of B cells.
Step 3: IgE is involved in allergic responses and parasitic infections, not typically found in high concentrations in breast milk.
Step 4: IgG is the most abundant immunoglobulin in the bloodstream but is not typically concentrated in breast milk like IgA.
Summary: IgA is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to provide passive immunity to newborns through breast milk, while the other choices do not serve this function.
Comiculate are the paired cartilage of pharynx in which shape
- A. club shape
- B. horn shape
- C. Bate shape
- D. butterfly shape
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: horn shape. The corniculate cartilages are small, horn-shaped structures located on the apex of the arytenoid cartilages in the larynx. These cartilages play a role in supporting the vocal folds. The other choices (A, C, D) are incorrect because the corniculate cartilages are not club-shaped, bate-shaped, or butterfly-shaped. It is crucial to understand the anatomical structure and function of the corniculate cartilages to identify the correct shape accurately.
An emergency room nurse is assessing a male client who has sustained a blunt injury to the chest wall. Which of these signs would indicate the presence of a pneumothorax in this client?
- A. A low respiratory rate.
- B. Diminished breath sounds.
- C. The presence of a barrel chest.
- D. A sucking sound at the site of injury.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diminished breath sounds. In the case of a pneumothorax, air leaks into the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse partially. This results in diminished or absent breath sounds on the affected side. A low respiratory rate (A) is a general sign of respiratory distress but not specific to pneumothorax. The presence of a barrel chest (C) is associated with conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but not indicative of a pneumothorax. A sucking sound at the site of injury (D) is characteristic of an open pneumothorax, not necessarily present in all cases of pneumothorax.
What is the name given to the respiratory ailment in which the bronchioles constrict severely?
- A. pleurisy
- B. emphysema
- C. bronchitis
- D. asthma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: asthma. Asthma is a respiratory ailment characterized by severe constriction of the bronchioles due to inflammation and muscle contraction. This leads to difficulty breathing and wheezing. Pleurisy (A) is inflammation of the lining of the lungs, emphysema (B) is a long-term lung disease, and bronchitis (C) is inflammation of the bronchial tubes. Asthma specifically refers to the bronchioles constriction, making it the correct choice.
A patient with active TB continues to have positive sputum cultures after 6 months of treatment. She says she cannot remember to take the medication all the time. What is the best action for the nurse to take?
- A. Schedule the patient to come to the clinic every day to take the medication.
- B. Have a patient who has recovered from TB tell the patient about his successful treatment.
- C. Schedule more teaching sessions so the patient will understand the risks of noncompliance.
- D. Arrange for directly observed therapy by a responsible family member or a public health nurse.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Directly observed therapy by a responsible family member or a public health nurse is the best action to ensure adherence to TB treatment and prevent further drug resistance.