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In their study of Western Canadian nurses' perceptions, White et al. (2008) found that the practice and morale of nurses were being negatively affected by which one of the following?
- A. Working overtime
- B. Working environments
- C. Unclear intraprofessional scopes of practice
- D. Ethical dilemmas and conflicts with decision making
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In their study of Western Canadian nurses' perceptions, White et al. (2008) found that the practice and morale of nurses were being negatively affected by unclear intraprofessional and interprofessional scopes of practice.
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Nurses often find it difficult to question the direction of authorities mainly because other professionals tend to view nurses as falling into which following category?
- A. Independent practitioners
- B. Receivers and implementers of orders
- C. Workers isolating with patients and their families
- D. Collaborators with dependent roles and responsibilities
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is often difficult for nurses to question the direction of authorities because other professionals tend to view nurses mainly as receivers and implementers of orders.
Which following term describes having a conception of the world and all that exists in it?
- A. Theories
- B. Theories
- C. Ideologies
- D. Conceptual maps
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Conceptions of the world and all that exists in it are characterized as ideologies.
Thou et al. (2019) explored which of the following philosophies of truth that could facilitate or impede nursing knowledge creation?
- A. Pragmatism, virtue, and comprehension
- B. Ethics, morality, and value
- C. Morality, pragmatism, and justice
- D. Correspondence, pragmatism, and coherence
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thou et al. (2019) explored three philosophies of truth (correspondence, pragmatism, and coherence) and how these theories facilitate or impede nursing knowledge creation.
If nurses are to truly and genuinely philosophize, they must develop skills within the context of which of the following?
- A. Speaking the truth
- B. Seeing insight
- C. Standing in wonder
- D. Practising with righteousness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: If nurses ask and answer questions in the absence of wonder, they are not truly or genuinely philosophizing but rather operating as technicians, treating philosophizing as a skill that can be acquired in the way that we can acquire any skill.
Nurses must be able to explain the theoretical basis for their practice, which means being able to think philosophically. What does thinking philosophically mean?
- A. Asking questions about the nature of nursing
- B. Asking questions about the quality of care
- C. Asking questions about medical treatment
- D. Asking questions about medical treatment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thinking philosophically, or philosophizing, entails asking questions about the nature of that which exists and happens in the world and about what humans ought to seek and do.