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It is a managerial function that indicates leading the staff in the most effective method.
- A. Planning
- B. Directing
- C. Organizing
- D. Controlling
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Directing. Directing is a managerial function focused on guiding and supervising employees to achieve organizational goals. It involves providing instructions, motivating, and communicating effectively with staff. Planning (A) is about setting goals and determining actions. Organizing (C) involves arranging resources and tasks. Controlling (D) is about monitoring performance and ensuring goals are met. Directing stands out as the most appropriate choice as it directly deals with leading and influencing staff towards achieving objectives.
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The system school of management was put forward by
- A. Wiliam Du Bois
- B. Auguste Comte
- C. Ludwig von Bertalanffy
- D. James Carismath
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ludwig von Bertalanffy. The system school of management was developed by Bertalanffy, who introduced the concept of a system as a set of interrelated components working together towards a common goal. He emphasized the importance of viewing organizations as interconnected systems rather than isolated parts. Du Bois (A) was a sociologist, Comte (B) was a positivist philosopher, and Carismath (D) is not a recognized figure in management theory. Bertalanffy's contributions to systems theory in management make him the correct choice.
When there is , only orders from one superior is followed by subordinates.
- A. Unity of Command
- B. Unity of Direction
- C. Order
- D. Stability of Tenure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Unity of Command. This principle states that each subordinate should receive orders from only one superior to avoid confusion and conflicting instructions. This ensures clarity in communication, accountability, and prevents disruptions in workflow.
Choice B, Unity of Direction, refers to aligning activities towards a common goal, not the chain of command. Choice C, Order, pertains to organizing resources efficiently, not the flow of commands. Choice D, Stability of Tenure, focuses on retaining employees to improve performance, not the hierarchy of authority.
Which issues are included in the IOM's Crossing the Quality Chasm-A New Health System for the 21st Century (2001)? Select one that does not apply.
- A. Patient safety
- B. Nurse-centeredness
- C. Efficiency
- D. Timeliness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nurse-centeredness. The Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Crossing the Quality Chasm report focuses on improving healthcare quality, safety, efficiency, timeliness, patient-centeredness, and equity. Nurse-centeredness is not a core issue addressed in the report, which primarily emphasizes patient-centered care. Therefore, B is the correct choice. Choice A, patient safety, is relevant as the report highlights the importance of reducing medical errors and ensuring patient safety. Choice C, efficiency, is included to emphasize the need for effective use of resources in healthcare delivery. Choice D, timeliness, is emphasized to ensure timely access to care.
A nurse leader is using scientific age principles. Which action will the nurse take?
- A. Create while doing.
- B. Empower all.
- C. Use integrated documentation.
- D. Develop short- and long-term planning.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, "Develop short- and long-term planning." This aligns with scientific management principles by emphasizing the importance of planning to achieve efficiency and effectiveness. Short-term planning focuses on immediate goals, while long-term planning involves setting objectives for the future. This approach helps in organizing tasks, allocating resources effectively, and ensuring the achievement of desired outcomes.
A: "Create while doing" lacks the systematic approach of scientific management, which emphasizes planning before execution.
B: "Empower all" is a good leadership practice but does not specifically relate to scientific management principles.
C: "Use integrated documentation" is important for communication and record-keeping but does not directly align with the planning aspect emphasized in scientific management.
The following are characteristics of supporters except
- A. Nurturing
- B. Callous
- C. Sensitive
- D. inspiring
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Callous. Supporters are typically nurturing, sensitive, and inspiring. Callousness, meaning showing a lack of empathy or concern, is not a characteristic of a supporter. Supporters are known for their empathy and caring nature towards others. Therefore, callous does not align with the role of a supporter. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they reflect qualities that are commonly associated with supporters.