Nokea
Match the following physiological changes that occur in middle age to the clinical manifestation. Slower gastric motility
- A. High blood pressure.
- B. Menopause.
- C. Constipation.
- D. Skin wrinkling.
- E. Decreased sperm production.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Slower gastric motility in middle age results in constipation due to delayed digestion.
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Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. One of the most important health-care interventions for toddlers is
- A. Preventing diabetes.
- B. Preventing accidents.
- C. Establishing good bowel habits.
- D. Establishing good hygiene habits.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Toddlers (autonomy vs. shame/doubt stage) are mobile and curious, making accident prevention (e.g., childproofing) critical for their safety.
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. Which of the following theorists discussed a value system and the ability to define right and wrong?
- A. James Fowler
- B. Erik Erikson
- C. Jean Piaget
- D. Lawrence Kohlberg
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lawrence Kohlberg developed a theory of moral development, focusing on how individuals develop a sense of right and wrong through stages of moral reasoning.
Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Accept worth, uniqueness, and death
- A. Recognize accomplishments and provide emotional support
- B. Keep realistic expectations for behavior and recognize accomplishments
- C. Review accomplishments made by the person
- D. Increase independence; provide praise and encouragement
- E. Avoid criticizing relationships; teach how to establish realistic goals
- F. Provide consistent affectionate care
- G. Encourage creativity, answer questions; do not threaten or label behavior as 'bad'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reviewing accomplishments supports integrity vs. despair, helping individuals accept their life's worth.
Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Integrity vs. despair
- A. Birth to 18 months
- B. 18 months to 3 years
- C. 3 years to 5 years
- D. 5 years to 12 years
- E. 12 years to 18 years
- F. 18 years to 40 years
- G. 65+ years
Correct Answer: G
Rationale: Erikson's integrity vs. despair stage occurs at 65+ years, where individuals reflect on their lives, achieving a sense of fulfillment or despair.
Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Industry vs. inferiority
- A. Birth to 18 months
- B. 18 months to 3 years
- C. 3 years to 5 years
- D. 5 years to 12 years
- E. 12 years to 18 years
- F. 18 years to 40 years
- G. 40 years to 65 years
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erikson's industry vs. inferiority stage occurs from 5 to 12 years, where children develop competence through school and social activities.