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Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Autonomy vs. shame/doubt
- A. Birth to 18 months
- B. 18 months to 3 years
- C. 3 years to 5 years
- D. 5 years to 12 years
- E. 12 years to 18 years
- F. 18 years to 40 years
- G. 40 years to 65 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Erikson's autonomy vs. shame/doubt stage occurs from 18 months to 3 years, where toddlers develop independence.
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Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Seek sense of self and plan according to one's abilities
- A. Recognize accomplishments and provide emotional support
- B. Keep realistic expectations for behavior and recognize accomplishments
- C. Review accomplishments made by the person
- D. Increase independence; provide praise and encouragement
- E. Avoid criticizing relationships; teach how to establish realistic goals
- F. Provide consistent affectionate care
- G. Encourage creativity, answer questions; do not threaten or label behavior as 'bad'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keeping realistic expectations supports identity vs. role confusion, helping teens plan according to their abilities.
Choose the correct answer(s). In some questions, more than one answer is correct. Select all that apply. You are the school nurse in a large high school. A female student comes to you and asks you about the signs and symptoms of various sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Which of the following is the best response?
- A. Let the teenager know you are shocked that she needs to ask these questions.
- B. Refer her to different brochures and resources about STDs.
- C. Answer her questions and ask her if she is concerned that she may have an STD.
- D. Ask her what symptoms she is having and reassure that they are probably not signs of an STD. This will gain her trust.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Providing accurate information and assessing concerns respects the teen's autonomy (Erikson's identity vs. role confusion stage) and promotes health education.
Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Develop sense of social skills and self-esteem
- A. Recognize accomplishments and provide emotional support
- B. Keep realistic expectations for behavior and recognize accomplishments
- C. Review accomplishments made by the person
- D. Increase independence; provide praise and encouragement
- E. Avoid criticizing relationships; teach how to establish realistic goals
- F. Provide consistent affectionate care
- G. Encourage creativity, answer questions; do not threaten or label behavior as 'bad'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Recognizing accomplishments supports industry vs. inferiority, fostering social skills and self-esteem.
Match Kohlberg's stages of moral development with their descriptions. Seeking strong interpersonal relationships.
- A. Young adolescent focuses on being good and helping others, not just to follow the rules but to feel good about motives.
- B. Adult's behavior is motivated by the desire to follow internal values and moral principles.
- C. Child equates doing right equates with doing no wrong punishment with and doing punishment wrong with, punishment
- D. Young adolescent follows laws for the for greater the good and because respect of respect for authority for laws,
- E. Adult has concern for human rights human and rights dignity; desires impartial interpretation of justice, justice
- F. Child focuses on what is fair rather than what might be best for the larger group on what is fair,
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In Kohlberg's conventional level, seeking strong interpersonal relationships (stage 3) involves acting to gain approval and feel good about motives.
Match the stage, according to Erikson, to the appropriate age range. Initiate activities and influence environment
- A. Recognize accomplishments and provide emotional support
- B. Keep realistic expectations for behavior and recognize accomplishments
- C. Review accomplishments made by the person
- D. Increase independence; provide praise and encouragement
- E. Avoid criticizing relationships; teach how to establish realistic goals
- F. Provide consistent affectionate care
- G. Encourage creativity, answer questions; do not threaten or label behavior as 'bad'
Correct Answer: G
Rationale: Encouraging creativity without labeling behavior as 'bad' supports initiative vs. guilt, allowing children to initiate activities.