Nokea
Membranous glomerulonephritis:
- A. Is typically associated with immune complex deposition
- B. Presents with nephritic syndrome
- C. Is associated with highly selective proteinuria
- D. Deposits of IgG on the glomerular membrane
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Membranous glomerulonephritis is characterized by immune complex deposition, particularly IgG, on the glomerular basement membrane, leading to proteinuria.
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The following statements are true about screening:
- A. The sensitivity of a screening test is the extent of picking up true negatives
- B. Positive predictive value is dependent on the population being screened
- C. A good screening test is always inexpensive
- D. Screening for Duchenne muscular dystrophy is not practised, mainly because of the extent of false positives in the test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The positive predictive value of a screening test is influenced by the prevalence of the condition in the population being screened.
Regarding hand innervation:
- A. Median nerve supplies all thenar muscles except adductor pollicis
- B. The sensory supply to the dorsal surface of the medial two digits is via the radial nerve
- C. In ulnar nerve damage at the elbow there is sensory loss over the medial aspect of forearm proximal to the wrist
- D. Radial nerve provides the sensory innervation to the terminal areas of the dorsal surfaces of the lateral three digits
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The median nerve innervates most thenar muscles, except for the adductor pollicis, which is supplied by the ulnar nerve.
All the following are causes of chronic pulmonary venous hypertension EXCEPT
- A. congenital mitral stenosis
- B. total anomalous pulmonary venous return with obstruction
- C. peripheral pulmonary stenosis
- D. cor triatriatum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Peripheral pulmonary stenosis does not directly cause chronic pulmonary venous hypertension.
Features of congenital rubella syndrome include:
- A. Intrauterine growth retardation
- B. Hepatomegaly
- C. Thrombocytopenia
- D. Polydactyly
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intrauterine growth retardation is a classic feature of congenital rubella syndrome due to the teratogenic effects of the virus.
Chief organ systems affected in acute graft-versus-host reaction are:
- A. Skin
- B. Renal system
- C. Gut
- D. CNS
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The skin is one of the primary organ systems affected in acute graft-versus-host disease. The renal system, gut, and CNS can also be affected, but the skin is the most commonly involved.