Nokea
Mrs. A. asks why her urine is being tested so often for sugar since she does not have diabetes. The nurse's best response is which of the following?
- A. Your adrenal gland is producing too much hormone causing your blood sugar to increase and it is spilling into your urine.
- B. I can't tell you that information; you will have to ask your doctor to tell you when he comes in.
- C. The medicine we are giving you for your Cushing syndrome can sometimes cause diabetes, so we are checking for it.
- D. Your pancreas is not producing enough insulin to take care of the sugar in your blood.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In Cushing syndrome, excess cortisol can increase blood sugar, leading to glucosuria, so urine is monitored for sugar.
You may also like to solve these questions
All are characteristics of smooth muscle, except?
- A. Usually forms 2 layers at right angles to each other
- B. Utilizes troponin to help initiate muscle contraction
- C. Contains no striations
- D. Action potentials travel between muscle fibers quickly via tight junctions
Correct Answer: b
Rationale: The correct answer is B because smooth muscle does not utilize troponin to help initiate muscle contraction. Instead, smooth muscle contraction is regulated by calcium-calmodulin complex.
A: True - Smooth muscle usually forms 2 layers at right angles to each other.
C: True - Smooth muscle contains no striations.
D: False - Action potentials in smooth muscle travel slowly via gap junctions, not tight junctions.
The patient is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). What manifestation should the nurse expect to find?
- A. Decreased body weight
- B. Decreased urinary output
- C. Increased plasma osmolality
- D. Increased serum sodium levels
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In SIADH, inappropriate ADH secretion causes water retention, leading to decreased urine output and dilutional hyponatremia.
The diabetic patient has all of these assessment findings. Which will you instruct the LPN/LVN to report immediately?
- A. Fingerstick glucose of 185 mg/dL
- B. Numbness and tingling in both feet
- C. Profuse perspiration
- D. Bunion on left great toe
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Numbness and tingling in both feet are signs of diabetic neuropathy and could be indicative of a worsening condition that requires immediate reporting.
Which of the following best describes the function of insulin?
- A. Lowers blood glucose levels.
- B. Stimulates cells to make glucose (gluconeogenesis).
- C. Deficiency causes diabetes insipidus.
- D. Decreases blood volume.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lowers blood glucose levels. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells for energy storage. This process reduces the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because insulin does not stimulate cells to make glucose (B), deficiency does not cause diabetes insipidus (C), and it does not directly affect blood volume (D).
What is a potential adverse effect of palpation of an enlarged thyroid gland?
- A. Carotid artery obstruction
- B. Damage to the cricoid cartilage
- C. Release of excessive thyroid hormone into circulation
- D. Hoarseness from pressure on the recurrent laryngeal nerve
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Palpation of an enlarged thyroid gland may trigger the release of excessive thyroid hormone, especially if the thyroid is overactive, such as in Graves' disease.