Nokea
Observation checklist is the................ of data collection
- A. Tool
- B. Method
- C. Manual
- D. Guideline
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An observation checklist serves as a tool for systematically collecting data during observations.
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The denominator to calculate literacy rate is
- A. Population above 14 years
- B. Total population
- C. Population above 7 years of age
- D. Population above 10 years of age
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Literacy rate is calculated using the population above 7 years of age, as this is the standard age group considered for educational attainment.
For 95% confidence limit truth is
- A. Reduces 95% confidence of values
- B. 96 of standard error of mean
- C. 56 of standard error of mean
- D. 5% of standard error of mean
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For 95% confidence limits, approximately 1.96 times the standard error is used.
Randomization is done in experimental study:
- A. to eliminate selection bias.
- B. to select control
- C. to eliminate confounding bias
- D. all of above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Randomization helps to eliminate selection and confounding biases while selecting controls.
What is meant by the term TTHM, and why is it relevant to water quality?
- A. Trihalomethanes formed during chlorination; potential carcinogens.
- B. Toxic trace heavy metals; cause immediate poisoning.
- C. Total thermal heat management; regulates temperature.
- D. Temporary total hardness measure; affects taste.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: TTHMs are disinfection byproducts linked to cancer risks, making them critical for water quality monitoring.
Describe the significance for epidemiology of the identification of specific agents of disease.
- A. It allows for targeted treatments.
- B. It proves that all diseases are infectious.
- C. It eliminates the need for surveillance.
- D. It focuses solely on chronic diseases.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Identifying specific agents enables effective prevention, control, and treatment strategies.