Nokea
Only free drugs can act on target sites and can be eliminated.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: True; only free (unbound) drugs can interact with target sites and be filtered/excreted, as bound drugs are pharmacologically inactive.
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A patient has come to the clinic and been diagnosed with Lyme disease. The physician has ordered oral tetracycline. What is important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan about tetracycline? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Do not take the drug with anything high in sodium content to keep from producing a state of hypernatremia in the body.
- B. Do not take the drug with foods or other drugs that contain calcium.
- C. Avoid eating bananas at the same time you take this drug as the potassium content of the tetracycline can produce hyperkalemia in the body.
- D. Avoid exposure to the sun when taking this drug as it can turn your skin purple.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The antibiotic tetracycline is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract if calcium or calcium products (e.g., milk) are present in the stomach. It cannot be taken with iron products because a chemical reaction occurs preventing absorption. Although tetracycline can increase sun sensitivity, it does not turn the skin purple. Patients who take tetracycline do not need to avoid eating bananas or foods that are high in potassium.
The nurse is reviewing the patient's medication orders and finds an order stating amoxicillin 250 mg every 8 hours. What would the nurse question regarding this order?
- A. Dose
- B. Route
- C. Frequency of administration
- D. Allowance for generic substitution
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The order lacks the route (e.g., oral, IV), which is essential for safe administration.
Which of the following statements about aminoglycosides is false?
- A. They have short half-lives
- B. They are bactericidal
- C. They exacerbate weakness in myasthenia gravis patients
- D. None of the Above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All statements are true: aminoglycosides have short half-lives (2-3 hours), are bactericidal, and can worsen myasthenia gravis by neuromuscular blockade.
The probable cause of leucopenia and agranulocytosis:
- A. Diiodthironine
- B. Potassium iodide
- C. Mercazolil
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mercazolil (methimazole) can cause agranulocytosis and leukopenia as serious side effects by affecting bone marrow function.
Varicella vaccine is recommended to be given to patients who are:
- A. HIV positive with a CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage less than 15%
- B. Taking corticosteroids (up to 2 mg/kg/day or less than 20 mg/day)
- C. Pregnant
- D. Immunocompromised
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Varicella vaccine is safe with low-dose steroids; HIV with low CD4 , pregnancy , or immunocompromise contraindicate it.