Nokea
Oxygenated blood from lungs is carried to heart by
- A. Pulmonary artery
- B. Pulmonary vein
- C. Coronary vein
- D. Pre-cavals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pulmonary vein. Oxygenated blood from the lungs is carried to the heart by the pulmonary vein. After receiving oxygen in the lungs, blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins to be pumped to the rest of the body. The pulmonary artery (A) carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. The coronary vein (C) drains deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle. Pre-cavals (D) is not a term used in the context of blood circulation.
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Which of the following nursing activities is most important when a client comes back from a respiratory test if they have respiratory problems?
- A. Allow the client to rest
- B. Assess the client’s airway
- C. Teach the client important information
- D. Teach the family about respiratory disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Assessing the airway is critical immediately after a respiratory test, especially if the client has pre-existing respiratory issues. A (rest) is secondary until stability is confirmed. C and D involve education, which is important but not urgent compared to ensuring airway patency.
The COPD patient delightedly tells the nurse that he has quit smoking and is using chewing tobacco. The nurse's best intervention would be to:
- A. Congratulate him on his quitting smoking.
- B. Warn him of the dangers of oral cancer.
- C. Suggest that he add nicotine patches in addition to the chewing tobacco.
- D. Point out that he is still addicted and is using tobacco.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse should point out that the patient is still addicted and using tobacco. This is important because quitting smoking is a positive step, but using chewing tobacco still poses health risks. By highlighting the addiction and continued use of tobacco, the nurse can provide necessary education and support for the patient's overall health.
Choice A is incorrect because it fails to address the continued tobacco use. Choice B is also incorrect as it focuses on a specific risk (oral cancer) rather than the broader issue of tobacco addiction. Choice C is incorrect as adding nicotine patches would not address the fact that the patient is still using tobacco in another form.
A nurse is preparing to obtain a sputum specimen from a male client. Which of the following nursing actions will facilitate obtaining the specimen?
- A. Limiting fluid.
- B. Having the client take deep breaths.
- C. Asking the client to spit into the collection container.
- D. Asking the client to obtain the specimen after eating.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Having the client take deep breaths. This action facilitates obtaining a sputum specimen by helping the client to cough and expectorate sputum effectively. Deep breaths help to mobilize secretions, making it easier for the client to produce a quality specimen. Limiting fluid intake (choice A) can lead to dehydration and thickening of secretions, making it harder to obtain a specimen. Asking the client to spit into the container (choice C) may result in contamination with saliva. Asking the client to obtain the specimen after eating (choice D) can introduce food particles into the specimen, affecting the accuracy of the test.
The charge nurse on a medical unit is preparing to admit several "clients" who have possible pandemic flu during a preparedness drill. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Admit the "clients" on Contact Precautions.
- B. Inquire as to recent travel outside the United States.
- C. Do not allow pregnant caregivers to care for these "clients."
- D. Place the "clients" on enhanced Droplet Precautions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because in a pandemic flu scenario, it is crucial to inquire about recent travel history to identify potential exposure risks. This information can help determine if the "clients" have been in high-risk areas or in contact with infected individuals. This step is essential for implementing appropriate infection control measures and preventing the spread of the virus.
Choice A is incorrect because Contact Precautions are not typically used for airborne infections like the flu. Choice C is incorrect as it discriminates against pregnant caregivers without any evidence-based rationale. Choice D is incorrect because enhanced Droplet Precautions are more suitable for diseases spread through respiratory droplets, not necessarily for pandemic flu with potential airborne transmission.
Pneumotaxic center is
- A. Inhibitory
- B. Accelatory
- C. Activating
- D. None of these
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inhibitory. The pneumotaxic center is located in the upper pons and functions to inhibit inspiration, preventing overinflation of the lungs. This helps regulate the respiratory rate and depth. The other choices are incorrect because the pneumotaxic center does not accelerate or activate breathing directly. It exerts its influence by inhibiting the inspiratory neurons in the medulla, thereby controlling the duration and frequency of inspiration. Choice D is incorrect as the pneumotaxic center does have a specific inhibitory function in the respiratory control system.