Nokea
Patients with gastric ulcer typically exhibit the following symptoms:
- A. Epigastric pain worse after eating and weight loss.
- B. Epigastric pain worse before meals, pain awakening patient from sleep, and melena.
- C. Decreased bowel sounds, rigid abdomen, rebound tenderness, and fever.
- D. Boring epigastric pain radiating to back and left shoulder, bluish-gray discoloration of periumbilical area, and ascites.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gastric ulcers typically present with epigastric pain that worsens before meals, pain that can wake the patient at night, and melena due to gastrointestinal bleeding.
You may also like to solve these questions
Priority Decision: Before selecting a weight reduction plan with an obese patient
- A. what is most important for the nurse to first assess?
- B. The patient's motivation to lose weight
- C. The length of time that the patient has been obese
- D. Whether financial considerations will affect the patient's choices
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Assessing anthropometric measures helps to understand the severity of obesity and provide baseline data for weight loss goals.
What role does the pancreas play in digestion?
- A. producing bile
- B. producing enzymes
- C. storing nutrients
- D. absorbing vitamins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: producing enzymes. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and protease that help break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestine. These enzymes are crucial for proper digestion and nutrient absorption.
A: The pancreas does not produce bile. Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
C: The pancreas does not store nutrients. Nutrient storage mainly occurs in the liver and adipose tissue.
D: The pancreas does not absorb vitamins. Vitamin absorption primarily takes place in the small intestine.
In summary, the pancreas plays a vital role in digestion by producing enzymes that aid in the breakdown of food components.
Melena is an indication of:
- A. upper gastrointestinal bleeding
- B. lower gastrointestinal bleeding
- C. both
- D. neither
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Melena is black, tarry stool resulting from the digestion of blood in the gastrointestinal tract. This typically occurs in the upper GI tract due to the longer transit time, allowing the blood to be digested. Lower GI bleeding usually presents as bright red blood in the stool or maroon-colored stool. Therefore, melena is a specific indicator of upper GI bleeding. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because melena specifically points to upper GI bleeding, not lower GI bleeding or both.
Which of these digestive enzymes breaks down fats?
- A. amylase
- B. lipase
- C. trypsin
- D. pepsin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: lipase. Lipase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down fats into fatty acids and glycerol. Amylase (A) breaks down carbohydrates, trypsin (C) breaks down proteins, and pepsin (D) also breaks down proteins but in the stomach. Lipase specifically targets fats in the small intestine, aiding in their digestion and absorption. Therefore, lipase is the correct choice for breaking down fats, making it the most suitable answer among the options provided.
Concerning cholecystokinin (CCK):
- A. Secreted from the jejunum
- B. Stimulates the contraction of gallbladder.
- C. inhibits the stomach mobility.
- D. All of the above are correct.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is B: Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates the contraction of the gallbladder. This hormone is released from the duodenum in response to the presence of fats and proteins in the small intestine. Its main function is to signal the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the duodenum to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats.
A: CCK is not secreted from the jejunum but from the duodenum.
C: CCK does not inhibit stomach motility; instead, it enhances the release of digestive enzymes and bile.
In summary, choice B is correct as it accurately reflects the role of CCK in stimulating gallbladder contraction, while choices A and C are incorrect based on the functions of CCK in the digestive system.