Nokea
Sadie is a 72-year-old patient who takes omeprazole for her chronic GERD. Chronic long-term omeprazole use places her at increased risk for:
- A. Megaloblastic anemia
- B. Osteoporosis
- C. Hypertension
- D. Strokes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic PPI use like omeprazole reduces calcium absorption, increasing osteoporosis risk; anemia is less direct.
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The nursing instructor observes several nursing students administer medications to their assigned patients. The instructor would stop what student from administering the medication until the error was corrected?
- A. The student checks the label on the medication against the administration record three times.
- B. The student enters the patient's room and asks the patient Are you Mr. Jones?
- C. The student checks the drug's brand name and generic name before taking it to the patient.
- D. The student documents the medication upon exiting the patient's room
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking 'Are you Mr. Jones?' risks misidentification; students must verify identity with two identifiers (e.g., wristband).
Isoniazid (INH) may induce a deficiency of which vitamin?
- A. B6
- B. C
- C. D
- D. E
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Isoniazid interferes with vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) metabolism, increasing deficiency risk.
A nurse is assessing a patient on ceftriaxone. Which allergy should be of particular concern?
- A. Sulfa
- B. Penicillin
- C. Tetracycline
- D. Macrolide
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ceftriaxone, a cephalosporin, has a risk of cross-reactivity with penicillin allergies due to similar beta-lactam structures.
Sarah developed a rash after using a topical medication. This is a type __ allergic drug reaction.
- A. I
- B. II
- C. III
- D. IV
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A rash from topical medication is a Type IV (delayed hypersensitivity) reaction , typically contact dermatitis, not immediate (I), cytotoxic (II), or immune complex (III).
Licorice root is a common treatment for dyspepsia. Drug interactions with licorice include:
- A. Antihypertensives, diuretics, and digoxin
- B. Antidiarrheals, antihistamines, and omeprazole
- C. Penicillin antibiotic class and benzodiazepines
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Licorice affects potassium levels and blood pressure, interacting with antihypertensives, diuretics, and digoxin.