Nokea
Structurally, the ovary displays:
- A. on the outside, an elastic tissue;
- B. on the surface, the glandular parenchyma;
- C. the cortical area, which contains ovarian follicles;
- D. the medullar area, which contains blood vessels;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The ovary is a complex organ with distinct internal structures.
Step 2: The ovarian cortex houses ovarian follicles, which are crucial for reproductive functions.
Step 3: Ovarian follicles contain oocytes and support cells for oocyte development.
Step 4: Therefore, choice C is correct as it accurately describes the structural aspect of the ovary.
Summary: Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the structural components of the ovary. Choice A talks about elastic tissue, choice B mentions glandular parenchyma, and choice D refers to blood vessels, none of which are specific to the structural arrangement of the ovary.
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Complications of salpingitis include:
- A. Pyosalpinx
- B. Peritonitis
- C. Endometriosis
- D. Infertility
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pyosalpinx. Salpingitis is inflammation of the fallopian tubes, which can lead to the accumulation of pus within the tube, known as pyosalpinx. This is a common complication of salpingitis due to the infection causing the tubes to become blocked and filled with pus. Peritonitis (B) is inflammation of the peritoneum, not directly related to salpingitis. Endometriosis (C) is a separate condition where endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus. Infertility (D) can be a complication of salpingitis, but pyosalpinx is a more direct and immediate consequence.
To avoid a perineal tear the obstetrician cuts the perineum posteriorly before delivery. This process is called
- A. Perineorrhaphy
- B. Episiotomy
- C. Cesarean section
- D. Tubal ligation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Episiotomy. An episiotomy is a surgical incision made in the perineum during childbirth to enlarge the vaginal opening and prevent severe perineal tears. This procedure is performed to facilitate the delivery of the baby and reduce the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby. Perineorrhaphy (A) is a surgical repair of a perineal tear or episiotomy after childbirth, not the procedure of making the incision. Cesarean section (C) is a surgical procedure to deliver a baby through an incision in the mother's abdomen and uterus, not related to perineal tears. Tubal ligation (D) is a permanent form of female sterilization by blocking or sealing the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy, not relevant to perineal tears during childbirth.
Absence of menstruation
- A. Rhinorrhea
- B. Amenorrhea
- C. Menorrhagia
- D. Leucorrhea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Amenorrhea. Amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstruation, which can be caused by various factors such as hormonal imbalances, stress, pregnancy, or medical conditions. Rhinorrhea (A) is the medical term for a runny nose, unrelated to menstruation. Menorrhagia (C) is excessive menstrual bleeding, the opposite of absence of menstruation. Leucorrhea (D) is a vaginal discharge, not related to the absence of menstruation. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it directly addresses the absence of menstruation.
Which finding from the nurse’s physical assessment of a 42-yr-old male patient should be reported to the health care provider?
- A. One testis hangs lower than the other.
- B. Genital hair distribution is diamond shaped
- C. Clear discharge is present at the penile meatus.
- D. Inguinal lymph nodes are nonpalpable bilaterally.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because palpable inguinal lymph nodes could indicate an underlying infection or malignancy, requiring further evaluation by the healthcare provider. This finding is concerning and needs attention.
A: One testis hanging lower than the other is a normal variation and does not typically require reporting.
B: Genital hair distribution being diamond-shaped is a common pattern and is not an abnormal finding that necessitates reporting.
C: Clear discharge at the penile meatus could be normal or due to benign conditions such as urethral irritation, so it may not require immediate reporting unless other concerning symptoms are present.
The sperm cells:
- A. become mobile in the seminal fluid;
- B. are microscopic cells;
- C. are stored in the crotum;
- D. are of three different kinds;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice A being correct:
1. Sperm cells need to be mobile to reach the egg for fertilization.
2. Seminal fluid provides the environment for sperm motility.
3. Sperm cells acquire motility in the seminal fluid due to specific nutrients and ions present.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
- Choice B: Being microscopic is a general characteristic of sperm cells but not specific to their mobility.
- Choice C: Sperm cells are stored in the epididymis, not the "crotum."
- Choice D: Sperm cells are all of the same kind, not three different kinds.