Nokea
The following are true about spectral sensitivity of the retina:
- A. in scotopic conditions, the peak sensitivity of the eye is near 500 nm
- B. under photopic conditions the peak sensitivity is near 555 nm
- C. in the presence of a bright yellow steady background light the retina has a peak sensitivity near 440 nm to a 25-Hz stimulus
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Scotopic sensitivity peaks at 500 nm, photopic at 555 nm, and a yellow background shifts sensitivity to 440 nm for a 25-Hz stimulus. All statements are correct.
You may also like to solve these questions
At a visit to the provider's office, an older adult patient's partner reports that the patient has nausea, diarrhea, and a loss of appetite. He has a history of Alzheimer's disease and is taking donepezil (Aricept). The provider should advise which of the following?
- A. Take the drug with food.
- B. Stop taking the drug right away.
- C. Take a reduced dosage of the drug.
- D. Undergo liver function tests right away.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil commonly cause nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. This is due to the increase of acetylcholine in all parts of the body, and its subsequent effect on the gastrointestinal tract and other systems of the body. The provider should explain to the patient and his caregiver that taking the drug with food and at bedtime will help minimize uncomfortable gastrointestinal effects. The provider also should instruct the partner to report vomiting, severe diarrhea, weight loss, or signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, such as dark stools or coffee-ground emesis, especially if the patient is also taking a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. At this point, it is not necessary to stop taking the drug, reduce the dosage, or undergo liver function tests.
Executive functioning involves the integrated use of several cognitive processes by which people problem-solve, plan, initiate, organise and monitor goal-directed activities. Deficits in this collection of integrated skills involves which kind of training:
- A. Goal management training (GMT).
- B. Executive function training (EFT).
- C. Integrated skills training (IST).
- D. Organisational skills training (OST).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Goal Management Training (GMT) is a therapeutic approach designed to improve executive functioning by teaching individuals how to set, prioritize, and achieve goals. This training involves breaking down complex tasks into manageable steps, monitoring progress, and adjusting strategies as needed. GMT is particularly effective for individuals with neurological disorders or brain injuries that impair executive functions, helping them regain independence and improve daily functioning.
In which structure do sperm mature after they are produced?
- A. the prostate gland
- B. the epididymis
- C. the bulbourethral glands
- D. the seminal vesicles
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The epididymis is the correct answer because it is the coiled tube where sperm mature and gain motility after being produced in the testes. This maturation process is essential for sperm to become capable of fertilizing an egg. The epididymis also stores sperm until they are ejaculated during sexual activity.
If a patient displays a positive Babinski sign, the nurse should:
- A. Document the finding and consider further evaluation for neurological abnormalities.
- B. Ignore the finding as it is a normal response.
- C. Measure the patient's blood glucose levels.
- D. Assess the patient's skin color and temperature.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A positive Babinski sign in an adult indicates possible neurological dysfunction and requires documentation and further evaluation. Ignoring the finding or assessing unrelated parameters is inappropriate.
Which of the following pathways is not concerned with posture and movement?
- A. Spinocerebellar
- B. Vestibulospinal
- C. Tractus solitarius
- D. ?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The tractus solitarius is involved in taste and visceral sensation, not posture and movement. The spinocerebellar and vestibulospinal tracts are involved in motor coordination and balance.