Nokea
The following can be used for diabetes mellitus:
- A. Desmoporesine
- B. Insuline preparations
- C. Chlorpropamide
- D. Metformin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin, chlorpropamide, metformin, and acarbose (B, C, D, E) are all used for diabetes management.
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Which of the following would the nurse identify as a factor that alters drug response in children and infants? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Slower gastric emptying
- B. Greater surface area
- C. Less protein binding
- D. Decreased body water content
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Children and infants are not small adults; therefore, they have altered pharmacokinetics. Factors that alter pharmacokinetics in children include slower gastric emptying, less cutaneous fat, greater surface area, increased body water content, less protein binding, and immature hepatic and renal function.
Which of the following is not a dose related reaction:
- A. Myocardial Irritation of Quinidine
- B. Hypoglycemia of tolbutamide
- C. Digitalis induced arrythmia
- D. Drug fever of sulpha
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Drug fever from sulfa is an idiosyncratic/hypersensitivity reaction, not dose-related.
A nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of nurses about actions that nurses can do to help prevent drug errors. Which of the following would the nurse include? Select one that does not apply
- A. Rechecking all calculations
- B. Always administering the drug before answering any of the client's questions
- C. Avoiding distractions and concentrating on only one task at a time
- D. Confirming any questionable orders
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In addition to following the five +1 rights of drug administration, a nurse can employ the following strategies to aid in the prevention of drug errors: confirm any questionable orders; when calculations are necessary, verify them with another nurse; listen to the client when he or she questions a drug, the dosage, or the drug regimen; never administer the drug until the client's questions have been adequately researched; and avoid distractions and concentrate on only one task at a time.
Identify potential drug-drug interactions that may occur with tamoxifen
- A. Not provided in document
- B. Not provided in document
- C. Not provided in document
- D. Not provided in document
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This question lacks options in the document, but based on the answer key (ANS: 4), it is assumed to correspond to the fourth choice if options were present. Tamoxifen has significant interactions with CYP2D6 inhibitors (e.g., SSRIs), which can reduce its efficacy.
When prescribing temazepam (Restoril) for insomnia, patient education includes:
- A. Take temazepam nightly approximately 15 minutes before bedtime.
- B. Temazepam should not be used more than three times a week for less than 3 months.
- C. Drinking 1 ounce of alcohol will cause additive effects and the patient will sleep better.
- D. Exercise for at least 30 minutes within 2 hours of bedtime to enhance the effects of temazepam.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Temazepam is recommended short-term (e.g., ≤3 times/week) to avoid dependence.