Nokea
The joint position sense of the right leg is impaired in damage of:
- A. the superior colliculi
- B. the cerebellum
- C. the thalamus of the right
- D. the post-central gyrus of the left cerebral hemisphere
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Joint position sense (proprioception) is processed in the post-central gyrus of the contralateral cerebral hemisphere. Damage to the left post-central gyrus impairs proprioception in the right leg. The superior colliculi, cerebellum, and thalamus are not primarily involved in joint position sense.
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Nerve impulses create a change in voltage which is measured by and can be seen on a(n) ________.
- A. stethoscope
- B. electrocardiogram
- C. oscilloscope
- D. laparoscope
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An oscilloscope is a device used to measure and display changes in voltage over time, making it ideal for visualizing nerve impulses. When a nerve impulse occurs, it creates a rapid change in membrane potential, which can be recorded as a waveform on the oscilloscope. This tool is commonly used in neuroscience research to study the electrical activity of neurons and understand how nerve impulses are generated and propagated.
Why did the patient's wife's husband not receive clot-busting medication (tPA)?
- A. He didn't arrive within the timeframe for that therapy.
- B. Not everyone is eligible for this drug. Has he had surgery lately?
- C. You should discuss the treatment of your husband with his doctor.
- D. The medication you are talking about dissolves clots and could cause more bleeding in your husband's brain.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: tPA is contraindicated in hemorrhagic strokes because it can worsen bleeding
Which myotome is responsible for extension of the hip
- A. L3/4
- B. L4/L5
- C. L5/S1
- D. S1/S2
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The L3 and L4 nerve roots innervate the quadriceps and iliopsoas muscles, which are involved in hip extension. This is important in assessing lumbar nerve root function.
As the manager in a long-term-care (LTC) facility, you are in charge of developing a standard plan of care for residents with Alzheimer's disease. Which of these nursing tasks is best to delegate to the LPN team leaders working in the facility?
- A. Check for improvement in resident memory after medication therapy is initiated.
- B. Use the Mini-Mental State Examination to assess residents every 6 months.
- C. Assist residents to toilet every 2 hours to decrease risk for urinary incontinence.
- D. Develop individualized activity plans after consulting with residents and family.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Toileting assistance is a routine task that can be effectively managed by LPNs.
How do spinal nerves of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) differ from cranial nerves (CNs)?
- A. Only spinal nerves occur in pairs.
- B. CNs affect only the sensory and motor functions of the head and neck.
- C. Cell bodies of all CNs are located in the brain whereas cell bodies of spinal nerves are located in the spinal cord.
- D. All spinal nerves contain both afferent sensory and efferent motor fibers whereas CNs contain one or the other or both.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Spinal nerves always contain both sensory and motor fibers, while cranial nerves can vary.