Nokea
The nurse and a licensed practical nurse (LPN) are caring for a group of clients. Which nursing task should not be assigned to the LPN?
- A. Administer a skeletal muscle relaxant to a client diagnosed with low back pain.
- B. Discuss bowel regimen medications with the HCP for the client on strict bed rest.
- C. Draw morning blood work on the client diagnosed with bacterial meningitis.
- D. Teach self-catheterization to the client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Teaching self-catheterization requires advanced assessment and teaching skills, which are typically outside the scope of practice for an LPN.
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Regarding the blood supply of the cerebral cortex
- A. Middle cerebral is contralateral arm, leg and speech areas
- B. Anterior cerebral is contralateral leg, micturition and defaecation
- C. Middle cerebral is ipsilateral arm, face and vision
- D. Posterior cerebral is ipsilateral vision
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anterior cerebral artery supplies the medial surface of the brain, including areas responsible for motor and sensory functions of the contralateral leg. It also influences micturition and defecation.
Which of the following conditions is the result of a ruptured cerebral blood vessel and the release of blood into the brain tissue?
- A. Ischemic stroke
- B. Transient ischemic attack
- C. Cerebral aneurysm
- D. Hemorrhagic stroke
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A hemorrhagic stroke involves bleeding into the brain tissue.
How do neurons communicate with one another?
- A. Electrically
- B. Chemically
- C. Through weak, radio-wave-like impulses
- D. A and B
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neurons communicate both electrically and chemically. Electrical signals travel along the neuron's axon, while chemical signals (neurotransmitters) are released at synapses to transmit information to the next neuron. Radio-wave-like impulses are not involved in neural communication. This dual mechanism ensures efficient and precise transmission of information.
Which of the following positions would be most comfortable for Mr. Tucker?
- A. Supine with head elevated 20-30° and knees flexed
- B. Prone with head turned to side and feet extending over mattress edge
- C. Flat on back with the bed gatched in the middle
- D. Supine with a hard thick pillow under the lumbar region
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This position reduces strain on the back muscles.
The area of the brain stem that plays a role in consciousness and the awake/sleep cycle is the:
- A. thalamus
- B. reticular activating system (RAS)
- C. pineal gland
- D. limbic system
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The reticular activating system (RAS) in the brain stem regulates consciousness and the sleep-wake cycle. The thalamus, pineal gland, limbic system, and cerebellum have different functions. Therefore, B is the correct answer.