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The nurse is educating a patient about the role of luteal phase support in fertility treatments. What should be emphasized?
- A. It involves increasing estrogen levels to support ovulation.
- B. It requires progesterone supplementation to maintain uterine lining integrity.
- C. It eliminates the need for hormonal monitoring during treatments.
- D. It helps prevent the LH surge during ovulation induction.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because luteal phase support is crucial in fertility treatments to maintain the uterine lining for potential embryo implantation. Progesterone supplementation is necessary to support this phase, as it ensures a hospitable environment for the embryo. Option A is incorrect because luteal phase support primarily focuses on progesterone, not estrogen. Option C is incorrect as hormonal monitoring is still essential during fertility treatments. Option D is incorrect because luteal phase support does not prevent the LH surge, which is necessary for ovulation.
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What is the role of pelvic ultrasound in infertility evaluation?
- A. To evaluate ovarian reserve directly.
- B. To visualize uterine and ovarian structures.
- C. To measure hormone levels in the bloodstream.
- D. To identify genetic abnormalities in embryos.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, as pelvic ultrasound allows visualization of uterine and ovarian structures. This is essential in assessing conditions like fibroids, polyps, ovarian cysts, and structural abnormalities that may affect fertility. Ovarian reserve evaluation (A) involves separate tests like AMH levels. Hormone levels (C) are typically measured through blood tests. Genetic abnormalities in embryos (D) are usually identified through preimplantation genetic testing, not pelvic ultrasound.
A client has just had an amniocentesis to determine whether her baby has an inheritable genetic disease. Which of the following interventions is highest priority at this time?
- A. Assess the fetal heart rate.
- B. Check the client's temperature.
- C. Acknowledge the client's anxiety about the possible findings.
- D. Answer questions regarding the genetic abnormality.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Addressing the client's anxiety is crucial to providing holistic care.
During ovulation induction, a patient asks why hormone levels are monitored so frequently. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. To predict embryo quality before fertilization.
- B. To ensure hormone levels stay within safe and effective ranges for egg maturation.
- C. To confirm the patient is pregnant before the cycle ends.
- D. To determine if the uterine lining is ready for implantation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Monitoring hormone levels during ovulation induction is essential to ensure that the hormones stay within safe and effective ranges for successful egg maturation. By closely monitoring hormone levels, healthcare providers can adjust medication dosages as needed to optimize the chances of successful ovulation. This helps to minimize the risk of overstimulation or understimulation of the ovaries, which can impact the quality of the eggs produced.
A: Predicting embryo quality before fertilization is not the primary purpose of monitoring hormone levels during ovulation induction.
C: Confirming pregnancy before the cycle ends is not the purpose of hormone level monitoring during ovulation induction.
D: Determining if the uterine lining is ready for implantation is important, but this is typically assessed through other methods such as ultrasound rather than hormone level monitoring.
What is the function of the highlighted region on the drawing below?
- A. It produces a fluid that nourishes the sperm.
- B. It secretes a fluid that neutralizes the acidic environment of the vagina.
- C. It is the reservoir where sperm mature.
- D. It contracts during ejaculation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The highlighted region likely refers to the bulbospongiosus muscle or related structures that contract during ejaculation to expel semen.
The nurse is providing education to a pregnant woman whose genetic testing confirms her fetus has Down syndrome. The nurse understands that Down syndrome is an example of which abnormality?
- A. Chromosomal translocation
- B. Abnormality of chromosomal number
- C. Multifactorial monosomy inheritance
- D. Autosomal-recessive inheritance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Abnormality of chromosomal number. Down syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to trisomy 21. This results in characteristic physical features and intellectual disability. Chromosomal translocation (A) involves the swapping of genetic material between chromosomes. Multifactorial monosomy inheritance (C) refers to a combination of genetic and environmental factors leading to the loss of a chromosome. Autosomal-recessive inheritance (D) requires two copies of a mutated gene to be present for the disorder to manifest, which is not the case in Down syndrome.