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The nurse reminds family members that the philosophy of family-centered care is to provide control to the family over health care decisions. What is the appropriate term for this type of control?
- A. Empowerment
- B. Insight
- C. Regulation
- D. Organization
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The term empowerment refers to the control a family has over its own health care decisions.
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What guidelines define multidisciplinary patient care in terms of expected outcome and timeframe from different areas of care provision?
- A. Clinical pathways
- B. Nursing outcome criteria
- C. Standards of care
- D. Nursing care plan
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clinical pathways, also known as critical pathways or care maps, are collaborative guidelines that define patient care across disciplines. Expected progress within a specified timeline is identified.
What non-family-centered policies were prevalent in the 1960s? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Waiting room for fathers
- B. Sedation of mother during labor
- C. Delay of reunion of mother and infant
- D. Lenient visiting hours
- E. Restrictions of visitations by minor children
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Hospital policies in the 1960s provided a separate waiting room for fathers while the mother went through labor in a sedated state. The reunion of mother and infant was delayed for several hours because of the sedation. Visiting hours were rigid and disallowed the visitation of minor children.
Practical nursing students are using critical thinking skills to study for an upcoming test. What will these students include when studying? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Memorization of facts first
- B. Prioritizing information
- C. Relating facts to other facts
- D. Making assumptions
- E. Reviewing before the test
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Using critical thinking when studying involves understanding facts before memor?Ž???µ?³?¾ memorizing, prioritizing information to be memorized, relating facts to other facts, using all five senses, reviewing before tests, and reading critically. Critical thinking does not involve assumption as does general thinking.
Which medical pioneer discovered the relationship between the incidence of puerperal fever and unwashed hands?
- A. Karl Cred?©
- B. Ignaz Semmelweis
- C. Louis Pasteur
- D. Joseph Lister
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ignaz Semmelweis deduced that puerperal fever was septic, contagious, and transmitted by the unwashed hands of physicians and medical students.
A patient asks the nurse to explain what is meant by 'gene therapy.' What is the nurse's best response?
- A. Gene therapy can replace missing genes.
- B. Gene therapy evaluates the parent's genes.
- C. Gene therapy can change the sex of the fetus.
- D. Gene therapy supports the regeneration of defective genes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gene therapy can replace missing or defective genes.