Nokea
The nurse teaches the patient with RA that which exercise is one of the most effective methods of aerobic exercise?
- A. Ballet dancing
- B. Casual walking
- C. Aquatic exercises
- D. Low-impact aerobic exercises
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aquatic exercises reduce joint stress.
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What functions does the thalamus have?
- A. Registers auditory input
- B. Integrates past experiences
- C. Relays sensory and motor input to and from the cerebrum
- D. Controls and facilitates learned and automatic movements
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The thalamus serves as a relay station for sensory and motor inputs to the cerebrum.
Where would you see the nodes of Ranvier?
- A. on an axon
- B. in the cell body
- C. on a dendrite
- D. a and c
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nodes of Ranvier are small gaps in the myelin sheath along the axon of a neuron. They play a critical role in the rapid conduction of electrical signals, as the action potential 'jumps' from one node to the next in a process called saltatory conduction. This increases the speed and efficiency of neural communication. Nodes of Ranvier are essential for proper nerve function and are found exclusively on axons.
Mr. Smith's physician suspects that Mr. Smith has an injured pituitary gland because of his
- A. large output of low specific gravity urine
- B. watery nasal discharge positive for glucose
- C. pupils failing to react to light
- D. positive Babinski reflex
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus, indicated by large outputs of low specific gravity urine, can result from pituitary injury.
In assisting Mrs. Aster to use her crutches during periods of severe hip joint pain, which gait will be the safest and most helpful to her?
- A. Two-point
- B. Three-point
- C. Four-point
- D. Swing-through
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The three-point gait provides stability and reduces strain on the hip joint.
A patient receives spinal anesthesia with lidocaine (Xylocaine) and epinephrine (Adrenalin). You explain that epinephrine is used with lidocaine for which of the following reasons?
- A. Decreases the risk for a spinal headache
- B. Reduces the risk for infection
- C. Prolongs the anesthetic effects
- D. Prevents respiratory depression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Injecting epinephrine with lidocaine for local or regional anesthesia extends the duration of the regional anesthesia. Epinephrine will not