Nokea
The school nurse is discussing after-school sports participation with parents of children age 10 years. The nurses presentation includes which important consideration?
- A. Teams should be gender specific.
- B. Organized sports are not appropriate at this age.
- C. Competition is detrimental to the establishment of a positive self-image.
- D. Sports participation is encouraged if the type of sport is appropriate to the childs abilities.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Virtually every child is suited for some type of sport. The child should be matched to the type of sport appropriate to his or her abilities and physical and emotional makeup. At this age, girls and boys have the same basic structure and similar responses to exercise and training. After puberty, teams should be gender specific because of the increased muscle mass in boys. Organized sports help children learn teamwork and skill acquisition. The emphasis should be on playing and learning. Children do enjoy appropriate levels of competition.
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What statement best describes fear in school-age children?
- A. Increasing concerns about bodily safety overwhelm them.
- B. They should be encouraged to hide their fears to prevent ridicule by peers.
- C. Most of the new fears that trouble them are related to school and family.
- D. Children with numerous fears need continuous protective behavior by parents to eliminate these fears.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During the school-age years, children experience a wide variety of fears, but new fears related predominantly to school and family bother children during this time. Parents and other persons involved with children should discuss childrens fear with them individually or as a group activity. Sometimes school-age children hide their fears to avoid being teased. Hiding the fears does not end them and may lead to phobias.
What statement characterizes moral development in the older school-age child?
- A. Rule violations are viewed in an isolated context.
- B. Judgments and rules become more absolute and authoritarian.
- C. The child remembers the rules but cannot understand the reasons behind them.
- D. The child is able to judge an act by the intentions that prompted it rather than just by the consequences.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Older school-age children are able to judge an act by the intentions that prompted the behavior rather than just by the consequences. Rule violation is likely to be viewed in relation to the total context in which it appears. Rules and judgments become less absolute and authoritarian. The situation and the morality of the rule itself influence reactions.
The school nurse needs to obtain authorization for a child who requires medications while at school. From whom does the nurse obtain the authorization?
- A. The parents
- B. The pharmacist
- C. The school administrator
- D. The prescribing practitioner
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A child who requires medication during the school day requires written authorization from the parent or guardian. Most schools also require that the medication be in the original container appropriately labeled by the pharmacist or physician. Some schools allow children to receive over-the-counter medications with parental permission. The pharmacist may be asked to appropriately label the medication for use at the school, but authorization is not required. The school administration should have a policy in place that facilitates the administration of medications for children who need them. The prescribing practitioner is responsible for ensuring that the medication is appropriate for the child. Because the child is a minor, parental consent is required.
What is the role of the peer group in the life of school-age children?
- A. Decreases their need to learn appropriate sex roles
- B. Gives them an opportunity to learn dominance and hostility
- C. Allows them to remain dependent on their parents for a longer time
- D. Provides them with security as they gain independence from their parents
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Peer group identification is an important factor in gaining independence from parents. Through peer relationships, children learn ways to deal with dominance and hostility. They also learn how to relate to people in positions of leadership and authority and how to explore ideas and the physical environment. A childs concept of appropriate sex roles is influenced by relationships with peers.
An 8-year-old girl tells the nurse that she has cancer because God is punishing her for being bad. What should the nurse interpret this as?
- A. A common belief at this age
- B. Indicative of excessive family pressure
- C. Faith that forms the basis for most religions
- D. Suggestive of a failure to develop a conscience
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children at this age may view illness or injury as a punishment for a real or imagined misbehavior. School-age children expect to be punished and tend to choose a punishment that they think fits the crime. This is a common belief and not related to excessive family pressure. Many faiths do not include a God that causes cancer in response for bad behavior. This statement reflects the childs belief in what is right and wrong.