Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions

Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions Related

Review Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions related questions and content

The stomach produces acids, which denature protein, and popsin that digests protein. The cell membranes of the epithelial cells lining the stomach contain protein. The protein in the epithelial cells are not denatured or digested because

  • A. the membranes contain a different type of protein that resists denaturation and digestion.
  • B. mucus coats the epithelium.
  • C. cell membranes are destroyed but mitotic activity replaces cells with new ones every few hours.
  • D. hormones produced by the endocrine cells protect the cell membranes and neutralize the acid pH.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: mucus coats the epithelium. The mucus layer acts as a protective barrier that prevents the acid and pepsin from coming into direct contact with the epithelial cells. This physical barrier helps to shield the cell membranes from denaturation and digestion. Choice A is incorrect because the type of protein in the cell membranes does not determine their resistance to denaturation and digestion. Choice C is incorrect because cell membranes are not destroyed, and mitotic activity does not play a role in protecting the cell membranes. Choice D is incorrect because hormones do not directly protect the cell membranes from acid and pepsin; rather, it is the mucus layer that provides the necessary protection.

You may also like to solve these questions

Priority Decision: During care of the severely obese patient

  • A. what is most important for the nurse to do?
  • B. Avoid reference to the patient's weight to avoid embarrassing the patient.
  • C. Emphasize to the patient how important it is to lose weight to maintain health.
  • D. Plan for necessary modifications in equipment and nursing techniques before initiating care.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Planning for necessary equipment modifications is crucial to safely care for obese patients, ensuring comfort and effectiveness in care.

A young adult patient is admitted to the hospital for evaluation of right lower quadrant abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Which action should the nurse take?

  • A. Assist the patient to cough and deep breath
  • C. Palpate the abdomen for rebound tenderness.
  • D. Suggest the patient lie on the side, flexing the right leg.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Palpate the abdomen for rebound tenderness. This action is essential to assess for signs of possible appendicitis, a common cause of right lower quadrant abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Rebound tenderness is a classic sign of peritoneal irritation and can indicate an inflamed appendix. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Assisting the patient to cough and deep breath is not a priority in this situation and does not provide relevant information about the cause of the abdominal pain.
D: Suggesting the patient lie on the side, flexing the right leg, may help alleviate some discomfort but does not provide diagnostic information about the underlying cause of the symptoms.

Which of the following diagnostic tests can be given to a client who cannot retain dye tablets given to test his gallbladder?

  • A. Oral cholecystography
  • B. Cholangiography
  • C. Barium enema
  • D. Barium swallow
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cholangiography is used as an alternative to oral cholecystography when a client cannot retain the dye tablets.

The term gastrointestinal (GI) tract refers to the

  • A. oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine.
  • B. pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine.
  • C. esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine.
  • D. stomach, small intestine and large intestine.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: The GI tract starts from the oral cavity where digestion begins.
Step 2: It then moves to the pharynx, esophagus for food transport.
Step 3: Next, the food enters the stomach for further digestion.
Step 4: The small intestine is where most digestion and absorption occur.
Step 5: Lastly, the large intestine absorbs water and prepares waste for elimination.
Step 6: Thus, answer A includes all the structures involved in the entire digestive process, making it the correct choice.

Summary:
Choice B is incorrect as it omits the oral cavity. Choice C excludes the pharynx. Choice D is incorrect as it misses the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus.

Which information will the nurse provide for a patient with newly diagnosed gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

  • A. Peppermint tea may reduce your symptoms.
  • B. Keep the head of your bed elevated on blocks.
  • C. You should avoid eating between meals to reduce acid secretion.
  • D. Vigorous physical activities may increase the incidence of reflux.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Keep the head of your bed elevated on blocks. Elevating the head of the bed can help prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus during sleep, reducing nighttime symptoms of GERD. This position helps gravity keep the acid in the stomach.

A: Peppermint tea may actually worsen GERD symptoms as it can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing acid to reflux back into the esophagus.
C: Avoiding eating between meals will not reduce acid secretion and may even lead to larger meals, which can trigger reflux symptoms.
D: Vigorous physical activities can worsen GERD symptoms by increasing intra-abdominal pressure, pushing stomach contents back up into the esophagus.

In summary, the correct answer is B because it directly addresses a practical measure to alleviate GERD symptoms during sleep, while the other choices do not effectively manage the condition.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.