Nokea
Vomitting is not usually caused by:
- A. Irritation if the duodenal mucosa
- B. Diseases of the inner ear
- C. Microbial toxins in the blood
- D. Severe exercise
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diseases of the inner ear. Vomiting is primarily controlled by the vomiting center in the brainstem, which responds to various stimuli such as irritation of the duodenal mucosa (Choice A), microbial toxins in the blood (Choice C), and severe exercise (Choice D). Diseases of the inner ear do not directly trigger the vomiting reflex, making Choice B the correct answer.
You may also like to solve these questions
For an organ lying within a body cavity, the tissue which is farthest away from the inner core or lumen of the organ is called the:
- A. Muscularis externa
- B. Serosa
- C. Mucosa
- D. Myenteric Plexus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Serosa. The serosa is the outermost layer of an organ lying within a body cavity. It is composed of connective tissue covered by a layer of mesothelium. This layer is farthest away from the inner core or lumen of the organ. The muscularis externa (choice A) is the layer of muscle tissue located just beneath the serosa. The mucosa (choice C) is the innermost layer of the organ, lining the lumen. The myenteric plexus (choice D) is a network of nerve fibers located between the circular and longitudinal layers of the muscularis externa, playing a role in regulating gastrointestinal motility.
What is the role of the large intestine?
- A. digestion of proteins
- B. absorption of nutrients
- C. absorption of water
- D. production of bile
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The large intestine's main role is to absorb water from the indigestible food residue, forming feces. This process helps maintain proper hydration levels in the body. It does not digest proteins (choice A) or absorb nutrients (choice B), as these processes primarily occur in the small intestine. The production of bile (choice D) is carried out by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, not by the large intestine. Thus, choice C is correct as it aligns with the primary function of the large intestine.
Patients with gastric ulcer typically exhibit the following symptoms:
- A. Epigastric pain worse after eating and weight loss.
- B. Epigastric pain worse before meals, pain awakening patient from sleep, and melena.
- C. Decreased bowel sounds, rigid abdomen, rebound tenderness, and fever.
- D. Boring epigastric pain radiating to back and left shoulder, bluish-gray discoloration of periumbilical area, and ascites.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gastric ulcers typically present with epigastric pain that worsens before meals, pain that can wake the patient at night, and melena due to gastrointestinal bleeding.
What should the nurse emphasize when teaching patients at risk for upper GI bleeding to prevent bleeding episodes?
- A. All stools and vomitus must be tested for the presence of blood.
- B. The use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications of any kind should be avoided.
- C. Antacids should be taken with all prescribed medications to prevent gastric irritation.
- D. Misoprostol (Cytotec) should be used to protect the gastric mucosa in individuals with peptic ulcers.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Over-the-counter medications, especially NSAIDs, should be avoided as they can increase the risk of gastric irritation and bleeding.
The patient has been newly diagnosed with Wilson's disease and D-penicillamine, a chelating agent, has been prescribe What assessment finding should the nurse expect?
- A. Pruritus
- B. Acute kidney injury
- C. Corneal Fleischer rings
- D. Elevated serum iron levels
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corneal Fleischer rings are a characteristic finding in Wilson's disease, caused by copper deposits in the cornea.