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When providing care to a patient, the psychiatric-mental health nurse is implementing the therapeutic use of self. The nurse is applying the concepts based on the work of which individual?
- A. Hildegarde Peplau
- B. Florence Nightingale
- C. Dorothea Dix
- D. Sigmund Freud
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hildegard Peplau?s work, particularly her book *Interpersonal Relations in Nursing* (1952), introduced the concept of the therapeutic use of self, emphasizing the nurse?s role in building therapeutic relationships with patients.
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A nurse is reviewing the American Nurses Association?s Statement on Psychiatric Nursing Practice published in 1967, which sanctioned the involvement of psychiatric-mental health nurses in the provision of holistic nursing care. Integrating knowledge of the various theories and views of mental health and illness, the nurse identifies which of the following as most strongly linked to this holistic approach?
- A. Sigmund Freud?s psychoanalytic theory
- B. Florence Nightingale?s Notes on Nursing
- C. Hildegarde
- D. Clifford Beers? A Mind That Found Itself
- E. Peplau?s Interpersonal Relations in Nursing
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: The 1967 ANA Statement on Psychiatric Nursing Practice emphasized holistic care, which was strongly influenced by Hildegard Peplau?s Interpersonal Relations in Nursing (1952). Peplau?s work focused on the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship, aligning with the holistic approach of addressing physical, emotional, and social needs.
The following events are important in the development of psychiatric-mental health nursing practice. Which event occurred first?
- A. Publication of Standards of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing by the ANA
- B. Publication of Standards of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Practice
- C. Establishment of the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing at Rutgers University
- D. Publication of the first psychiatric nursing text, Nursing Mental Disease, by Harriet Bailey
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Harriet Bailey?s *Nursing Mental Disease* (1920) was the first psychiatric nursing text, predating the establishment of the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing at Rutgers University (1954), the ANA?s *Standards of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing* (1973), and the *Standards of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Practice* (1985).
The following are important legislative and policy efforts influencing current mental health care. Which of the following is the most recent?
- A. Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General
- B. New Freedom Commission on Mental Health
- C. Action for Mental Health
- D. Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The New Freedom Commission on Mental Health (2003) is the most recent, followed by *Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General* (1999), *Action for Mental Health* (1961), and the *Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act* (1963).
A nurse is preparing a presentation about the current status of mental health services in the United States. Which statement would the nurse include as the most reflective of this status?
- A. Mental health care in the United States is equally accessible to individuals.
- B. Mental illness ranks second in terms of causing disability in comparison.
- C. Mental health care primarily focuses on the cure of mental illness.
- D. Mental health care services are inadequate and fragmented.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mental health services in the U.S. are widely recognized as inadequate and fragmented, with disparities in access, insufficient funding, and gaps in service delivery, as noted in reports like the New Freedom Commission on Mental Health (2003).
A psychiatric-mental health nurse is asked to be a guest speaker at a community fund-raising event for mental health services. Which of the following would the nurse emphasize as the primary goal of mental health services?
- A. Access to affordable mental health care
- B. Removal of exclusions because of preexisting conditions
- C. Recovery from mental illness
- D. Effective treatment for mental health care needs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary goal of mental health services, as emphasized in modern mental health policy (e.g., New Freedom Commission on Mental Health), is recovery from mental illness, focusing on enabling individuals to live fulfilling lives despite mental health challenges.