Nokea
Where are tight junctions created by two adjoining cells located?
- A. Bone
- B. Brain
- C. Skin
- D. Liver
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tight junctions are prominent in the brain (blood-brain barrier), restricting drug entry, unlike the liver (fenestrated) or bone/skin (different barriers).
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Besides cystic fibrosis, which other medical state may trigger the need for pancreatic enzymes?
- A. Paget's disease
- B. Pulmonary cancers
- C. Gallbladder surgery
- D. Some bariatric surgeries
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bariatric surgeries like gastric bypass can impair pancreatic function, necessitating enzymes; gallbladder doesn't typically.
Nicotine has a variety of effects on nicotinic receptors throughout the body. Which of the following is NOT an effect of nicotine?
- A. Vasodilation and decreased heart rate
- B. Increased secretion of gastric acid and motility of the GI smooth muscle
- C. Release of dopamine at the pleasure center
- D. Stimulation of the locus coeruleus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nicotine causes vasoconstriction and increased heart rate, not vasodilation.
A nurse at a provider's office is preparing to administer RV, DTaP, Hib, PCV13, and IPV immunizations to a 4-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Administer IPV orally
- B. Administer subcutaneous injections in the anterolateral thigh.
- C. Administer IM injections in the deltoid muscle.
- D. Give the infant a phone during vaccine injections.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Subcutaneous injections in the thigh and pacifier use are appropriate for a 4-month-old; IPV is IM, not oral.
Which statement best describes drug efficacy/toxicity in pediatric clients?
- A. Drug requirements for infants have been extensively studied.
- B. Drug dosage is altered by age and weight in children.
- C. Children always need smaller doses of medication than adults.
- D. Infants and children are always at greater risk for drug toxicity with any medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric dosing adjusts for age and weight to ensure efficacy and minimize toxicity, reflecting developmental differences.
The patient asks the nurse, Is it safe to take over-the-counter (OTC) medications with prescription medications? What is the nurses best response?(Select one that does not apply.)
- A. OTC medications can interact with prescription medications.
- B. It is important to tell your doctor all medications you take, including OTC.
- C. OTC medications could mask or hide signs and symptoms of a disease.
- D. You should avoid taking any OTC medication when taking prescription drugs.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: OTC medications can interact with prescription medications or other OTC so it is always important to consult your pharmacist and provider for advice. To provide the most accurate instruction, the health care provider must know all medications taken including dietary supplements, OTC, and prescription. OTC medications could mask or hide symptoms of a disease so it is always important to consult a physician if symptoms persist. OTC medications are not prohibited when taking prescription drugs as long as no drug interaction occurs.