Nokea
Which of the following are considered mid-range nursing theorists? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Weston
- B. Orlando
- C. Peplau
- D. Peplau
- E. Watson
- F. Parse
Correct Answer: B,C,E,F
Rationale: Mid-range nursing theories are narrower in scope than grand nursing theories. Widely used mid-range nursing theories include Orlando's theory of the deliberative nursing process, Peplau's theory of interpersonal relations, Parse's theory of human becoming, and Watson's theory of human caring.
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Which of the following is a criticism of using grand theories to guide nursing?
- A. Constructs cannot be empirically measured
- B. It is not based on scholarly research
- C. Professional experience is not reflected
- D. It does not reflect the goals of the profession.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Grand theories are general concepts that pertain to the overall nature and goals of professional nursing, which are often abstract and do not necessarily lend themselves to empirical testing or problems in specific nurse settings.
Which of the following statements is true about nursing ontology?
- A. It is the study of the knowledge that is shared among the nurses.
- B. It is the study of the knowledge that is shared among the nurses and those patterns.
- C. It is directly linked to ethical theory and the code of ethics.
- D. It describes what is most characteristic and fundamental to nursing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ontology is directly linked to philosophy, and nursing ontology describes what is most characteristic and fundamental to the practice of nursing. It is a way of seeing and describing the whole of nursing.
Nursing theory and knowledge development in the early 1970s was in response to which of the following?
- A. The need to gain credibility as a professional discipline
- B. The need to document nursing workload
- C. The need to improve nursing's skills knowledgeable as medicine
- D. The need to increase nurses' rights
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nursing theory and knowledge development in the early 1970s was, in large part, a response to the need for nursing to conceptualize the uniqueness of nursing practice knowledge and gain credibility as a professional discipline.
Which of the following nurse theorists developed the mid-range theory of human becoming?
- A. Rosemarie Parse
- B. Dorothy Johnson
- C. Margaret Newman
- D. Sister Callista Roy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rosemarie Parse's theory of human becoming is a mid-range theory used to describe, explain, or predict phenomenon in nursing.
During which time in history was the social status of nurses elevated and their contributions to key processes and decisions highly regarded?
- A. Wartime
- B. The Depression
- C. The nineteenth century
- D. The 1960s
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During wartime, the social status of nurses was elevated and their contributions to key processes and decisions were highly regarded.