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Which of the following best describes person-centered communication?
- A. The nurse says to the person seeking care, “Why do you continue to drink when you know it is not good for you?”
- B. The nurse responds to person seeking care’s request for pain medicine by saying, “It is not time for your pain medicine. You had it hours ago.”
- C. The client says to the nurse, “I think my husband is cheating on me.” The nurse responds by saying, “You think your husband is cheating on you?”
- D. The client says to the nurse, “I can’t believe I have cancer.” The nurse responds by saying, “One of my closest friends had cancer and had to have chemotherapy.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Person-centered communication focuses on recognizing and clarifying the person's concerns, allowing the person to elaborate.
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A nurse complies with the Patient Self-Determination Act when asking:
- A. a person upon admission to the hospital if he or she has an advanced directive
- B. the family in the recovery room if the client has an advanced directive
- C. a person before discharge from the hospital if he or she has an advance directive
- D. the family about an advanced directive after the person has been intubated
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Patient Self-Determination Act is designed to increase individual involvement in decisions about life-sustaining treatments. The nurse complies with the act when she asks a person upon admission if they have an advanced directive.
During the 5-year-old well-child visit, the father tells the nurse that he is unsure if the child is socially ready to attend school. The nurse asks the father to describe some of the social interactions of the child. Which of the following behaviors would indicate that the preschooler is socially ready to attend school?
- A. He gives his brother the ball when he is tired of playing with it.
- B. He never engages in any activity until his mother tells him to.
- C. He plays well with a group of neighborhood children.
- D. He moves from one activity to another.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Playing well with other children demonstrates social readiness for school.
An infant is lying in a crib watching and listening to a colorful mobile. What is the purpose of having a mobile?
- A. Provides stimulation necessary for continued growth and development for the infant
- B. Provides too much stimulation for the infant, making it difficult for the infant to focus
- C. Serves as inadequate stimulation for the infant because it is an inanimate object
- D. Serves as a distractor for the infant, making it easier to fall asleep
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The mobile provides visual and auditory stimulation, which is important for an infant’s development.
Which of the following individuals will most likely experience a disparity in health and health care?
- A. African American man
- B. Unemployed woman
- C. White middle-aged man
- D. Single white woman
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Disparities are more likely to affect individuals based on socioeconomic status and employment.
A nurse is discussing exercise intensity with a client. Which of the following medications that the client is taking may limit the usefulness of heart rate as an indicator of exercise intensity?
- A. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
- B. Metoprolol (Toprol)
- C. Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
- D. Lansoprazole (Prevacid)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers like metoprolol can alter heart rate response, limiting its usefulness as a measure of exercise intensity.