Nokea
Which of the following is a major developmental task of middle adulthood?
- A. Developing intimacy
- B. Learning to manage conflict
- C. Reexamining life goals
- D. Resolving the past
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In middle adulthood, reexamining life goals is a key task in Erikson's generativity vs. stagnation stage, focusing on productivity and satisfaction.
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A nurse is meeting with a crisis support group. In efforts to help patients identify with one another, the nurse explains which of the following about the crisis experience?
- A. Even happy events can cause a crisis if the stress is overwhelming.
- B. Only people who have unfortunate life events will experience a crisis.
- C. A person has no control over how a crisis will affect him or her.
- D. People can prevent all crises if they develop good coping skills early.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Crises can arise from both positive and negative events, like marriage or loss, when stress overwhelms coping abilities. Not all crises stem from negative events, individuals have some control through coping, and not all crises can be prevented.
A patient has just been told she has cervical cancer. When asked about how this is impacting her, she states 'It's just an infection, it will clear up.' The statement indicates
- A. Needs education on cervical cancer
- B. Is unable to express true feelings
- C. Should be immediately referred
- D. Is using denial to protect herself from an emotionally painful thought
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's statement reflects denial, an ego defense mechanism used unconsciously to protect against the emotional pain of a serious diagnosis like cervical cancer. Education or referrals are premature until the denial is addressed, and the statement does not indicate an inability to express feelings.
During the initial interview with a client in crisis, the initial priority is to
- A. Assess the adequacy of the support system.
- B. Assess for substance use.
- C. Determine the precrisis level of functioning.
- D. Evaluate the potential for self-harm.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Safety is the priority in a crisis, so evaluating the potential for self-harm is critical before assessing support systems, substance use, or precrisis functioning.
Patients on an inpatient psychiatric unit can earn off-unit privileges for daily use of socially appropriate behavior. This is an example of employing which concept of behavior?
- A. Systematic desensitization
- B. Negative reinforcement
- C. Classical conditioning
- D. Operant conditioning
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Operant conditioning involves learning through rewards, like earning privileges for appropriate behavior, increasing the likelihood of that behavior recurring.
Which of the following considerations should have the most influence in the nurse's choice of the treatment for the client?
- A. The client's feelings and perceptions about his or her situation
- B. The nurse's beliefs about the theories of psychosocial development
- C. The nurse's familiarity with the type of treatment
- D. Any approach to treatment should work with any client.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client's feelings and perceptions are critical in tailoring effective therapeutic interventions, ensuring they align with the client's needs and expectations.