Nokea
Which of the following is an accessory organ of digestion?
- A. pancreas
- B. esophagus
- C. stomach
- D. small intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: pancreas. The pancreas is an accessory organ of digestion because it produces digestive enzymes that help break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestine. It also secretes bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid. The esophagus (B) is a part of the digestive tract but not an accessory organ. The stomach (C) and small intestine (D) are primary organs of digestion, not accessory organs.
You may also like to solve these questions
The home health nurse is caring for the patient with tuberculosis who is taking rifampin and isoniazid (INH). The nurse should carefully monitor the patient for which potential side effect?
- A. Gallstones
- B. Liver disorders
- C. Bleeding ulcers
- D. Esophagitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver disorders. Rifampin and isoniazid are known to potentially cause hepatotoxicity. The nurse should monitor for signs of liver dysfunction such as jaundice, dark urine, abdominal pain, and elevated liver enzymes. Gallstones (A) are not commonly associated with these medications. Bleeding ulcers (C) are not a common side effect of rifampin and isoniazid. Esophagitis (D) is more commonly associated with other medications like bisphosphonates.
What does the pancreas secrete to aid in digestion?
- A. insulin
- B. gastric acid
- C. digestive enzymes
- D. bile
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: digestive enzymes. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and protease to break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestine. Insulin (choice A) is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, not aid in digestion. Gastric acid (choice B) is produced by the stomach, not the pancreas. Bile (choice D) is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder to aid in fat digestion, not directly secreted by the pancreas for digestion.
Mechanical digestion begins in the:
- A. mouth
- B. stomach
- C. small intestine
- D. large intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: mouth. Mechanical digestion begins in the mouth where food is chewed and mixed with saliva, breaking down into smaller pieces for easier swallowing and digestion. This process increases the surface area of food for enzymes to act upon. The stomach (B) primarily performs chemical digestion, the small intestine (C) is where most chemical digestion and absorption occur, and the large intestine (D) is mainly responsible for water absorption and formation of feces. Thus, the mouth is the correct choice for the beginning of mechanical digestion.
The nurse should teach the patient with chronic constipation that which food has the highest dietary fiber?
- A. Peach
- B. Popcorn
- C. Dried beans
- D. Shredded wheat
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, dried beans. Dried beans have one of the highest dietary fiber contents among all the options provided. Fiber helps promote regular bowel movements and prevent constipation. Dried beans are also a good source of nutrients and low in fat. Peaches (A) have fiber but not as high as dried beans. Popcorn (B) has some fiber, but it is lower compared to dried beans. Shredded wheat (D) is a good source of fiber, but dried beans have a higher fiber content.
Which hormone stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder?
- A. Secretin
- B. Insulin
- C. Cholecystokinin
- D. Gastrin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cholecystokinin. Cholecystokinin is a hormone released by the small intestine in response to the presence of fats in the duodenum. It stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. Secretin (A) stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate to neutralize acidic chyme. Insulin (B) regulates blood sugar levels, not bile release. Gastrin (D) stimulates the release of gastric acid in the stomach, not bile.