Nokea
Which of the following produced by the pancreatic alfa cells:
- A. Insulin
- B. Glucagon
- C. C-peptide
- D. Somatostatin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucagon is produced by pancreatic alpha cells to raise blood glucose.
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A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving daily doses of Oprelvekin. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor to determine effectiveness of this medication?
- A. Hemoglobin
- B. Absolute neutrophil count
- C. Platelet count
- D. Total white blood count
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oprelvekin increases platelet count , its primary therapeutic effect.
Ray has been diagnosed with hypertension and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor is determined to be needed. Prior to prescribing this drug, the NP should assess for:
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Impotence
- C. Decreased renal function
- D. Inability to concentrate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors can worsen renal function, necessitating baseline assessment.
A patient wants to know about the possible interactions of the various drugs that he has been prescribed for an illness. The nurse explains that the drugs interact with each other and produce an effect that is greater than the sum of their separate actions. Which of the following reactions is the nurse informing about?
- A. Additive drug reaction
- B. Synergistic drug reaction
- C. Antagonistic drug reaction
- D. Toxic drug reaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A synergistic drug reaction occurs when drugs interact with each other and produce a sum greater than the sum of their separate actions. An additive drug reaction occurs when the combined effect of two drugs is equal to the sum of each drug given alone. An antagonistic drug reaction occurs when one drug interferes with the action of another, causing neutralization or a decrease in the effect of one drug. Toxic drug reactions are caused when blood concentration levels exceed the therapeutic levels of a drug.
Selma, who is overweight, recently started taking topiramate for seizures and at her follow-up visit you note she has lost 3 kg. The appropriate action would be:
- A. Tell her to increase her caloric intake to counter the effects of the topiramate.
- B. Consult with a neurologist, as this is not a common adverse effect of topiramate.
- C. Decrease her dose of topiramate.
- D. Reassure her that this is a normal side effect of topiramate and continue to monitor her weight.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Weight loss is a common, beneficial side effect of topiramate.
Clinical dosing of Bethanechol:
- A. Begins at the highest effective dose to obtain a rapid response
- B. Starts at 5 mg to 10 mg PO and is repeated every hour until a satisfactory clinical response is achieved
- C. Requires dosing only once daily
- D. Is the same for both the oral and parenteral route
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bethanechol is titrated hourly from 5-10 mg to achieve the desired effect.