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Which of the following statements accurately describes the concepts of disease and illness?
- A. A disease is traditionally diagnosed and treated by a nurse.
- B. The focus of nurses is the person with an illness.
- C. A person with an illness cannot be considered healthy.
- D. Illness is a normal process that affects level of functioning.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses focus on the holistic care of individuals with an illness, addressing their physical, emotional, and social needs, rather than just the disease.
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What manifestation is the most significant symptom indicating an illness?
- A. bleeding
- B. runny nose
- C. pain
- D. itching
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain is often the most significant symptom of illness as it can severely impact a person's quality of life and is a common indicator of underlying issues.
Which of the following statements illustrates the effect of the sociocultural dimension on health and illness?
- A. Why shouldnt I drink and drive? Everyone else does.
- B. My mother has sickle cell anemia, and so do I.
- C. I know I have heart problems, so I have changed my diet.
- D. I used biofeedback to lower my blood pressure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sociocultural dimension includes social norms and peer influences, such as the perception that drinking and driving is acceptable because others do it.
A rapid onset of symptoms that last a relatively short time indicates what health problem?
- A. a chronic illness
- B. an acute illness
- C. actual risk factor
- D. potential for wellness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An acute illness is characterized by a sudden onset of symptoms that typically resolve within a short period, unlike chronic illnesses which persist over time.
A nurse refers a 67-year-old male patient to group counseling for alcohol cessation. According to Rosenstocks health belief model, the patients knowledge of the diseases that may occur with alcoholism is a:
- A. demographic variable
- B. sociopsychological variable
- C. structural variable
- D. intellectual variable
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Knowledge of disease risks in Rosenstock's model is a structural variable, as it relates to the information influencing health decisions.
A nurse calls in to his unit to report he has the flu and will not be at work. What stage of illness behavior is he exhibiting?
- A. experiencing symptoms
- B. assuming the sick role
- C. assuming a dependent role
- D. achieving recovery and rehabilitation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assuming the sick role involves acknowledging illness and taking actions such as staying home from work to recover.