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Which of the following statements describes Erikson’s theory of development?
- A. A healthy personality is defined by the lack of pathology.
- B. Stages of development advance based on psychosocial factors.
- C. The main premise of the theory is that individuals are interdependent beings and rely on each other in order to develop successfully.
- D. An individual must successfully accomplish the developmental stage before proceeding to the next stage.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erikson's theory suggests that each developmental stage must be successfully completed before moving on to the next.
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A nurse distributes a demographic questionnaire to attendees of a weight management program. Which step in the teaching-learning process is being implemented?
- A. Assessment
- B. Development
- C. Implementation
- D. Evaluation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse is assessing the attendees’ characteristics and needs, which is part of the assessment phase of the teaching-learning process.
Which of the following is a health plan consisting of hospitals and physician providers providing health care services to plan members (usually at discounted rates) in return for expedited claims payment?
- A. Health maintenance organization (HMO)
- B. Health savings account (HSA)
- C. Preferred provider organization (PPO)
- D. Independent practice association (IPA)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PPOs consist of providers who offer discounted rates in exchange for faster claim payments.
During a prenatal visit, a nurse discovers that a Black woman has been occasionally craving and eating clay. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?
- A. Tell the client that many pregnant women crave such nonfood substances, and it is not a problem.
- B. Ignore the comment because pica is acceptable in some rural Black cultures.
- C. Encourage the client to eat it with plenty of water because of the risk of constipation.
- D. Stress the importance of an appropriate diet and avoiding pica in a culturally sensitive way.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pica can lead to health complications, and the nurse should stress the importance of a proper diet in a culturally sensitive way.
Grant for health promotion: Which population should be prioritized?
- A. "Children under the age of 12."
- B. "Young Black American adults."
- C. "White middle-age adults."
- D. "Non-White older adults age 65 and older."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The fastest-growing population in the U.S. is non-White older adults aged 65 and older.
Which scenario represents a dysfunctional pattern?
- A. Sexually active teenager who does not use condoms
- B. Salesman who sleeps only 5 hours a night
- C. Single mother of three children
- D. Woman with a small extended family
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A sexually active teenager who does not use condoms has a dysfunctional sexual-reproductive pattern, leading to risks.