Which of the following terms is used to describe a set of concepts, definitions, and models?
- A. Theory
- B. Process
- C. Grand paradigm
- D. Conceptual framework
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A conceptual framework is a set of concepts, definitions, and models derived from logical thinking and inductive reasoning.
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Which following person is credited with formalizing the knowledge and practice of nursing into a professional context?
- A. Jean Watson
- B. Virginia Henderson
- C. Florence Nightingale
- D. Marie Guenet de St. Ignace
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is often cited as the person who formalized the knowledge and practice of nursing into a professional context, popularizing nursing for the modern era.
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC) has called nurses to action and identified which of the following recommendations to be directly addressed by the nursing profession? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Promote health equity for Indigenous People
- B. CHOICE BLANK
- C. Lobby for an end colonialism
- D. Advocate for market-driven health care reform
- E. Develop services that foster respectful relationships
- F. Incorporate healing circles into practice
- G. Commemorate Indigenous Canadian heritage
Correct Answer: A,E,G
Rationale: Recommendations from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC) include rights and equity for Indigenous People, programs and services to foster respectful relationships with Indigenous People, and commemoration of Canadian heritage.
Which of the following are considered mid-range nursing theorists? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Weston
- B. Orlando
- C. Peplau
- D. Peplau
- E. Watson
- F. Parse
Correct Answer: B,C,E,F
Rationale: Mid-range nursing theories are narrower in scope than grand nursing theories. Widely used mid-range nursing theories include Orlando's theory of the deliberative nursing process, Peplau's theory of interpersonal relations, Parse's theory of human becoming, and Watson's theory of human caring.
The study of the nursing knowledge that is shared among nurses, including patterns of knowing and the knowledge that develops from knowing, is referred to as which of the following?
- A. Nursing epistemology
- B. Nursing deontology
- C. Nursing teleology
- D. Nursing ethnology
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nursing epistemology is the study of the knowledge that is shared among nurses, the patterns of knowing, and the knowledge that develops from those patterns. As a practice discipline, the study of nursing knowledge is achieved in multiple ways, including observation and practice experience.
Nursing theory and knowledge development in the early 1970s was in response to which of the following?
- A. The need to gain credibility as a professional discipline
- B. The need to document nursing workload
- C. The need to improve nursing's skills knowledgeable as medicine
- D. The need to increase nurses' rights
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nursing theory and knowledge development in the early 1970s was, in large part, a response to the need for nursing to conceptualize the uniqueness of nursing practice knowledge and gain credibility as a professional discipline.
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