Nokea
Which of these diseases results in meningitis caused by an encapsulated yeast?
- A. cryptococcosis
- B. histoplasmosis
- C. candidiasis
- D. coccidiomycosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: cryptococcosis. The encapsulated yeast causing meningitis in this disease is Cryptococcus neoformans. This yeast has a unique capsule that allows it to evade the host immune system, leading to meningitis. Histoplasmosis (B) is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, which is not encapsulated. Candidiasis (C) is caused by Candida species, which are not encapsulated yeasts. Coccidiomycosis (D) is caused by Coccidioides species, which are dimorphic fungi and not encapsulated yeasts.
You may also like to solve these questions
What could the nurse delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
- A. Complete the admission assessment.
- B. Explain the call system to the patient.
- C. Obtain the suction equipment from the supply cabinet.
- D. Place a padded tongue blade on the wall above the patient's bed.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Obtaining equipment is a task that can be delegated to UAP
Early symptoms of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD) include changes in mood, temperament and behaviour followed by impairments in memory and concentration, and confused thinking. The infectious agent in vCJD is thought to be which of the following?
- A. MRSA.
- B. Prion.
- C. Ion.
- D. Hemaglobin.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prions are abnormal, infectious proteins that cause neurodegenerative diseases like variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD). These proteins induce the misfolding of normal cellular proteins in the brain, leading to brain damage and the characteristic symptoms of vCJD, such as mood changes, memory loss, and cognitive decline. Prion diseases are incurable and ultimately fatal, making early detection and prevention critical.
What should the nurse include in discharge instructions for the patient following a hip prosthesis with a posterior approach?
- A. Restrict walking for 2 to 3 months.
- B. Take a bath rather than a shower to prevent falling.
- C. Keep the leg internally rotated while sitting and standing.
- D. Have a family member put on the patient's shoes and socks.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Family assistance minimizes strain on the hip.
Nurse Peterson is reviewing her notes on various neurological conditions to prepare for an upcoming training session. She focuses on a chronic, degenerative, progressive disease of the central nervous system, notable for small patches of demyelination in the brain and spinal cord. Which disease is Nurse Peterson studying?
- A. Huntington's disease
- B. Parkinson's disease
- C. Creutzfeldt-Jakob's disease
- D. Multiple sclerosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Multiple sclerosis is characterized by demyelination in the central nervous system, leading to a variety of neurological symptoms.
A graphic designer, who spends hours working on the computer, complains of a slight pain in her right hand. The client describes the pain to be more prominent at night and early in the morning. The condition is not yet serious. Which of the following measures should the nurse suggest to the designer to help alleviate the pain?
- A. Flexing the affected wrist
- B. Shaking the affected hand
- C. Using surgical intervention
- D. Applying physical therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flexing the wrist can help relieve pressure on the median nerve, alleviating pain.