Nokea
Which part of the brain produces the neurotransmitter dopamine?
- A. pons
- B. occipital lobe
- C. substantia nigra
- D. thalamus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The substantia nigra, located in the midbrain, is a key region for dopamine production. Dopamine is essential for regulating movement, and its loss in this area is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease.
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Which number represents the medulla oblongata? (Figure 3)
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 5
- D. 8
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The number 8 represents the medulla oblongata because it is the lower part of the brainstem that controls vital autonomic functions such as heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. The medulla oblongata is essential for maintaining life and ensuring the proper functioning of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
A 65-year-old patient has undergone a right total hip arthroplasty with a cemented prosthesis for treatment of severe osteoarthritis of the hip. What is included in the activity the nurse anticipates for the patient on the patient's first or second postoperative day?
- A. Transfer from the bed to the chair twice a day only
- B. Turning from the back to the unaffected side q2hr only
- C. Crutch walking with non€“weight bearing on the operative leg
- D. Ambulation and weight bearing on the right leg with a walker
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Weight-bearing ambulation promotes recovery.
In the 2000 film 'Memento' the lead character, Leonard is unable to form new memories as a result of an earlier head injury caused by an assailant. This is known as:
- A. Retrograde memory dysfunction
- B. Postevent memory dysfunction
- C. Anterograde memory dysfunction
- D. Antenatal memory dysfunction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anterograde memory dysfunction is characterized by the inability to form new memories after a traumatic event or injury, as depicted in the film 'Memento.' This condition is often linked to damage in the hippocampus or surrounding medial temporal lobe structures, which are essential for encoding and storing new information. Individuals with this dysfunction can recall past memories but struggle to create new ones, leading to significant challenges in daily functioning.
Myotome of shoulder abduction?
- A. C5
- B. C5, 6
- C. C5, 6, 7
- D. C6, 7, 8
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shoulder abduction is primarily controlled by the C5 and C6 nerve roots, which innervate the deltoid and supraspinatus muscles.
Which assessment question will the nurse practitioner ask a patient with a history of migraines currently prescribed oral sumatriptan (Imitrex) for treatment?
- A. “Does this medication provide relief of migraine symptoms?â€
- B. “Has the sumatriptan helped you sleep better during the migraine?â€
- C. “Does the medication help decrease your anxiety during a migraine?â€
- D. “Has the medication prevented you from getting any more migraines?â€
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Does this medication provide relief of migraine symptoms?" This question directly assesses the effectiveness of sumatriptan in treating migraines, which is crucial for evaluating the medication's efficacy. Asking about symptom relief is essential in determining if the medication is working as intended.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly assess the primary purpose of sumatriptan, which is to provide relief from migraine symptoms. B focuses on sleep improvement, C on anxiety reduction, and D on migraine prevention, none of which are the primary goal of sumatriptan therapy. To ensure optimal care, the focus should be on assessing the medication's effectiveness in managing the migraines.