Nokea
Which statement is correct about toilet training?
- A. Bladder training is usually accomplished before bowel training.
- B. Wanting to please the parent helps motivate the child to use the toilet.
- C. Watching older siblings use the toilet confuses the child.
- D. Children must be forced to sit on the toilet when first learning.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Voluntary control of the anal and urethral sphincters is achieved sometime after the child is walking. The child must be able to recognize the urge to let go and to hold on. The child must want to please the parent by holding on rather than pleasing him- or herself by letting go. Bowel training precedes bladder training. Watching older siblings provides role modeling and facilitates imitation for the toddler. The child should be introduced to the potty chair or toilet in a nonthreatening manner.
You may also like to solve these questions
Parents tell the nurse that their toddler eats little at mealtime, only sits at the table with the family briefly, and wants snacks all the time. What should the nurse recommend?
- A. Give her nutritious snacks.
- B. Offer rewards for eating at mealtimes.
- C. Avoid snacks so she is hungry at mealtimes.
- D. Explain to her in a firm manner what is expected of her.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Most toddlers exhibit a physiologic anorexia in response to the decreased nutritional requirements associated with the slower growth rate. Parents should assist the child in developing healthy eating habits. Toddlers are often unable to sit through a meal. Frequent nutritious snacks are a good way to ensure proper nutrition. To help with developing healthy eating habits, food should be not be used as positive or negative reinforcement for behavior. The child may develop habits of overeating or eat non-nutritious foods in response. A toddler is not able to understand explanations of what is expected of her and comply with the expectations.
What is a characteristic of a toddlers language development at age 18 months?
- A. Vocabulary of 25 words
- B. Use of holophrases
- C. Increasing level of understanding
- D. Approximately one third of speech understandable
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During the second year of life, the understanding and understanding of speech increase to a level far greater than the childs vocabulary. This is also true for bilingual children, who are able to achieve this linguistic milestone in both languages. An 18-month-old child has a vocabulary of approximately 10 words. At this age, the child does not use the one-word sentences that are characteristic of 1-year-old children. The child has a very limited vocabulary of single words that are comprehensible.
Which is an appropriate recommendation in preventing tooth decay in young children?
- A. Substitute raisins for candy.
- B. Substitute sugarless gum for regular gum.
- C. Use honey or molasses instead of refined sugar.
- D. When sweets are to be eaten, select a time not during meals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Regular gum has high sugar content. When the child chews gum, the sugar is in prolonged contact with the teeth. Sugarless gum is less cariogenic than regular gum. Raisins, honey, and molasses are highly cariogenic and should be avoided. Sweets should be consumed with meals so that the teeth can be cleaned afterward. This decreases the amount of time that the sugar is in contact with the teeth.
The nurse is discussing with a parent group the importance of fluoride for healthy teeth. What should the nurse recommend?
- A. Determine whether the water supply is fluoridated.
- B. Use fluoridated mouth rinses in children older than 1 year.
- C. Give fluoride supplements to infants beginning at age 2 months.
- D. Brush teeth with fluoridated toothpaste unless the fluoride content of water supply is adequate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The decision about fluoride supplementation cannot be made until it is known whether the water supply contains fluoride and the amount. It is difficult to teach toddlers to spit out mouthwash. Swallowing fluoridated mouthwashes can contribute to fluorosis. Fluoride supplementation is not recommended until after age 6 months and then only if the water is not fluoridated. Fluoridated toothpaste is still indicated if the fluoride content of the water supply is adequate, but very small amounts are used.
What is the leading cause of death during the toddler period?
- A. Injuries
- B. Infectious diseases
- C. Childhood diseases
- D. Congenital disorders
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Injuries are the most common cause of death in children ages 1 through 4 years. It is the highest rate of death from injuries of any childhood age group except adolescence. Congenital disorders are the second leading cause of death in this age group. Infectious and childhood diseases are less common causes of death in this age group.