Review of Systems Neurological Questions

Review of Systems Neurological Questions Related

Review Review of Systems Neurological Questions related questions and content

While obtaining a patient's medical history, you find that the patient is taking levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet) for Parkinson's disease. Which of the following information in the patient's health history alerts you to take further action?

  • A. Bradycardia
  • B. Pancreatic disease
  • C. Glaucoma
  • D. Impaired hearing
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The combination of levodopa and carbidopa, both dopamine-replacement drugs, can cause changes in intraocular pressure. Providers should not prescribe this drug combination for patients who have glaucoma, and in this case, the patient's drug therapy requires adjustment. Pancreatic disorders are not a contraindication for levodopa/carbidopa; instead, caution is required when using it with patients who have peptic ulcer disease. Hearing impairment is not a contraindication for levodopa/carbidopa; instead, it can cause a variety of vision disturbances.

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A diagnosis of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm has been made in a patient with manifestations of a stroke. The nurse anticipates which treatment option that would be considered for the patient?

  • A. Hyperventilation therapy
  • B. Surgical clipping of the aneurysm
  • C. Administration of hyperosmotic agents
  • D. Administration of thrombolytic therapy
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Surgical clipping prevents further bleeding from a ruptured aneurysm

Early symptoms of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD) include changes in mood, temperament and behaviour followed by impairments in memory and concentration, and confused thinking. The infectious agent in vCJD is thought to be which of the following?

  • A. MRSA.
  • B. Prion.
  • C. Ion.
  • D. Hemaglobin.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Prions are abnormal, infectious proteins that cause neurodegenerative diseases like variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD). These proteins induce the misfolding of normal cellular proteins in the brain, leading to brain damage and the characteristic symptoms of vCJD, such as mood changes, memory loss, and cognitive decline. Prion diseases are incurable and ultimately fatal, making early detection and prevention critical.

The nurse is preparing a patient for an electroencephalogram (EEG). What information should be given to the patient?

  • A. Little needles will be stuck into the scalp.
  • B. The hair must be clean and dry before the test.
  • C. The hair at the temporal area will have to be shaved.
  • D. The patient must withhold fluids and food for 12 hours before the test.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: For an EEG, the patient's hair must be clean and dry to ensure proper electrode adhesion. Needles are not used, shaving is not required, and fasting is unnecessary. Clear instructions help the patient prepare for the test.

Priority Decision: A patient has fallen in the bathroom of the hospital room and reports pain in the upper right arm and elbow. Before splinting the injury, the nurse knows that the priority management of a possible fracture should include which action?

  • A. Elevation of the arm
  • B. Application of ice to the site
  • C. Notification of the health care provider
  • D. Neurovascular checks below the site of the injury
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Neurovascular checks ensure no compromise to blood supply or nerve function.

Benzodiazepine medication is being used to help manage this patient's behavior?

  • A. Sertraline (Zoloft)
  • B. Donepezil (Aricept)
  • C. Lorazepam (Ativan)
  • D. Risperidone (Risperdal)
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used for agitation

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