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Whose influence on nursing practice in the 19th century was related to improvement of patient environment as a method of health promotion?
- A. Clara Barton
- B. Linda Richards
- C. Dorothea Dix
- D. Florence Nightingale
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The influence of Florence Nightingale was highly significant in the 19th century as she fought for sanitary conditions, fresh air, and general improvement in the patient environment. Clara Barton developed the American Red Cross in 1881. Linda Richards is known as the first trained nurse in America, was responsible for the development of the first nursing and hospital records, and is credited with the development of our present-day documentation system. Dorothea Dix was the pioneer crusader for elevation of standards of care for the mentally ill and superintendent of female nurses of the Union Army.
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What document identifies the roles and responsibilities of the LPN/LVN?
- A. NLN Accreditation Standards
- B. Nurse Practice Act
- C. NAPNE Code
- D. American Nurses' Association Code
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The LPN/LVN functions under the Nurse Practice Act. NLN Accreditation Standards, the NAPNE Code, and the American Nurses' Association Code do not identify the roles and responsibilities of the LPN/LVN.
What is a nursing program considered when certified by a state agency?
- A. Accredited
- B. Approved
- C. Provisional
- D. Exemplified
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Approved means certified by a state agency for having met minimum standards; accredited means certified by the NLN for having met more complex standards. Provisional and exemplified are not terms used in regard to nursing program certification.
The relationships among nursing,patients,health, and the environment are the basis for:
- A. care plans.
- B. nursing models.
- C. health care provider's orders.
- D. evaluation of patient care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nursing models are theories based on the relationship between nursing, patients, health, and environment. Care plans, health care provider's orders, and evaluation of patient care are not based on the relationships among nursing, patients, health, and environment.
Which of the following must the nurse recognize regarding the health care delivery system?
- A. It includes all states.
- B. It affects the illness of patients.
- C. Insurance companies are not involved.
- D. The major goal is to achieve optimal levels of health care.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse must recognize that in the health care delivery system, the major goal is to achieve optimal levels of health care. The health care system consists of a network of agencies, facilities, and providers involved with health care in a specified geographic area. Insurance companies do have involvement in the health care system. The illness of patients is not necessarily affected by the health care system.
What is the most effective process to ensure that the care plan is meeting the needs of the patient?
- A. Documentation
- B. Communication
- C. Evaluation
- D. Planning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Communication is the primary essential component among the health care team to evaluate and modify the care plan. Documentation, evaluation, and planning are not primary essential components to ensure the care plan is meeting the needs of the patient.