Multiple Choice Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders Quizlet

Multiple Choice Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders Quizlet Related

Review Multiple Choice Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders Quizlet related questions and content

You have a situation where the hepatopancreatic ampullar sphincter or sphincter of Oddi will not relax. You would expect

  • A. chyme not to be released into the stomach.
  • B. the feces to contain a much higher percentage of fat than normal.
  • C. the feces to contain a much higher percentage of starch and protein than normal.
  • D. chyme not to be released into the large intestine.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: the feces to contain a much higher percentage of fat than normal. The hepatopancreatic ampullar sphincter controls the release of bile and pancreatic enzymes into the duodenum to aid in fat digestion. If it does not relax, fat digestion would be impaired, leading to undigested fat in feces. A: Chyme is the semi-liquid mixture of food and digestive juices in the stomach, not affected by this sphincter. C: Starch and protein digestion mainly occur in the stomach and small intestine, not directly influenced by this sphincter. D: Chyme enters the large intestine after passing through the small intestine, not controlled by this sphincter directly.

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When teaching a patient about weight reduction diets

  • A. the nurse teaches the patient that an appropriate single serving of a food is
  • B. a 6-inch bagel.
  • C. 1 cup of chopped vegetables.
  • D. a piece of cheese the size of three dice.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A serving of protein is typically the size of a deck of cards (approximately 3-4 oz), which helps patients understand appropriate portion sizes.

Which one of the following cells in the gastric glands produce pepsinogen?

  • A. endocrine cells
  • B. mucous neck cells
  • C. chief or zymogenic cells
  • D. parietal or oxyntic cells
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: chief or zymogenic cells. These cells are responsible for producing pepsinogen, the inactive form of pepsin, which is an enzyme that helps in protein digestion. Chief cells secrete pepsinogen into the gastric lumen. Endocrine cells (A) produce hormones like gastrin, mucous neck cells (B) secrete mucus to protect the stomach lining, and parietal cells (D) secrete hydrochloric acid to create an acidic environment for pepsinogen activation. Therefore, the correct choice is C as it directly produces pepsinogen.

The aqueous component of pancreatic juice is produced by the

  • A. intercalated duct.
  • B. pancreatic islets.
  • C. acinar cells.
  • D. duodenum.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: intercalated duct. The aqueous component of pancreatic juice is produced by intercalated ducts, which are responsible for secreting bicarbonate-rich fluid to neutralize the acidic chyme entering the duodenum. Other choices are incorrect because pancreatic islets (B) secrete hormones like insulin and glucagon, acinar cells (C) secrete digestive enzymes, and the duodenum (D) is the first part of the small intestine where pancreatic juice is delivered but not where it is produced.

Occult fecal blood test would be helpful in discovering:

  • A. colonic carcinoma
  • B. malabsorption syndrome
  • C. both
  • D. neither
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The occult fecal blood test detects hidden blood in the stool, which can be an early sign of colonic carcinoma. This test is not specific for malabsorption syndrome, making option B incorrect. Option C is incorrect because the test is primarily used for detecting colonic carcinoma. Option D is incorrect as the test can aid in the discovery of colonic carcinoma.

Compounds containing aspirin are discontinued at least how many weeks before ileostomy surgery?

  • A. 1
  • B. 2
  • C. 3
  • D. 4
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Aspirin and other anticoagulants should be stopped at least two weeks before surgery to minimize bleeding risks.

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