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A 14-year-old male patient has undergone a leg amputation. What should be the primary focus of the patient's care plan?
- A. Nutritional status
- B. Academic progress
- C. Body image
- D. Socialization needs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Body image is a major developmental task of the adolescent. Nutritional status, academic progress, and socialization should be addressed, but they would not be the primary focus.
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A child who has just begun to demonstrate the ability to understand and apply logical operations to help interpret specific experiences or perceptions. Which of the following stages of Piaget's cognitive development is this describing?
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational thought
- C. Formal operational thought
- D. Concrete operational thought
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Piaget's concrete operational stage of cognitive development includes the ability to understand and apply logical operations or principles to help interpret specific experiences or perceptions.
A nurse assessing a 4-month-old infant would expect the infant to do which of the following?
- A. Crawl up the stairs.
- B. Creep on the floor at least 30 ft.
- C. Walk upright with a waddling gait.
- D. Hold head at a 90-degree angle while prone.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: At 4 months the infant is able to hold the head up steadily to a 90-degree angle while in the prone position. Infants may crawl at 7 months and creep at about 9 months. Standing with support and walking occur at about 8 to 15 months.
The home health nurse assesses an older adult's respiratory function carefully because age-related changes in the respiratory system could result in which of the following?
- A. Vital capacity
- B. Susceptibility to respiratory infections
- C. Expiratory capacity due to increased chest size
- D. Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Older adults are more susceptible to respiratory infections.
The nurse reminds an older adult patient that the task for the older adult is to achieve ego integrity. Failure to achieve this task results in which of the following?
- A. Failure
- B. Despair
- C. Reminiscing
- D. Accomplishment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The challenge of late adulthood is integrity versus despair.
A 53-year-old woman complains of night sweats and mood swings. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms most likely relate to which condition?
- A. Menopause
- B. Weight problems
- C. Dietary problems
- D. Thyroid problems
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Signs and symptoms of menopause may include sweats and mood swings.