Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions

Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions Related

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A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new colostomy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

  • A. You can expect fecal output within 24 hours.'
  • B. You will need to increase your dietary intake of raw vegetables.'
  • C. You can expect the stoma to be purplish in color for the first week.'
  • D. You may experience a small amount of bleeding around the stoma.'
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it is important for the nurse to educate the client that fecal output should be expected within 24 hours after colostomy surgery. This information is crucial for the client to understand the functioning of the colostomy and to monitor for any potential issues.

Choice B is incorrect because increasing dietary intake of raw vegetables may not be suitable for all colostomy patients and can potentially lead to digestive issues.

Choice C is incorrect because a purplish color of the stoma is not a normal finding and could indicate inadequate blood supply or other complications that should be promptly addressed by a healthcare provider.

Choice D is incorrect because experiencing bleeding around the stoma is abnormal and should be reported to the healthcare provider immediately for further evaluation.

You may also like to solve these questions

Which organ produces and secretes bile?

  • A. liver
  • B. gallbladder
  • C. pancreas
  • D. duodenum
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: liver. The liver produces and secretes bile which helps in the digestion of fats. B: gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver. C: pancreas secretes digestive enzymes but not bile. D: duodenum is the first part of the small intestine where bile is released to aid in digestion.

Na+ and other carrier ions facilitate absorption of

  • A. amino acids and fructose
  • B. fatty acids and glycerol
  • C. fatty acids and glucose
  • D. amino acids and glucose
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Na+ facilitates the absorption of glucose and amino acids through sodium-dependent transporters in the intestinal cells. Glucose and amino acids are transported into the cells along with Na+ ions, making option D the correct choice. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Na+ does not facilitate the absorption of fructose, fatty acids, or glycerol through specific transport mechanisms.

You have the following symptoms: sudden abdominal pain, slight fever, loss of appetite, and nausea. You may have

  • A. appendicitis.
  • B. heartburn.
  • C. diarrhea.
  • D. hemorrhoids.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: appendicitis. Sudden abdominal pain, fever, loss of appetite, and nausea are classic symptoms of appendicitis. The pain often starts near the belly button and migrates to the lower right abdomen, where the appendix is located. Appendicitis is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention to prevent complications like a burst appendix. Heartburn (B) typically presents with a burning sensation in the chest, and diarrhea (C) presents with loose, watery stools. Hemorrhoids (D) are swollen blood vessels in the rectum that cause discomfort but do not typically present with the symptoms described.

Accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity is called

  • A. peritonitis.
  • B. a hiatal hernia.
  • C. an inguinal hernia.
  • D. ascites.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: ascites. Ascites is the accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity. This condition can be caused by liver disease, heart failure, kidney disease, or certain cancers. Peritonitis (A) is inflammation of the peritoneum, not fluid accumulation. Hiatal hernia (B) is a condition where the stomach bulges through the diaphragm. Inguinal hernia (C) is the protrusion of abdominal contents through the inguinal canal. Hence, choices A, B, and C are incorrect in the context of excess fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity.

Chemical digestion of protein begins in the:

  • A. mouth
  • B. stomach
  • C. small intestine
  • D. large intestine
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: stomach. Chemical digestion of protein begins in the stomach where the enzyme pepsin breaks down proteins into peptides. The stomach's acidic environment activates pepsinogen to pepsin. In contrast, the mouth primarily performs mechanical digestion through chewing, and the small intestine is where further breakdown and absorption of nutrients occur. The large intestine mainly absorbs water and electrolytes, with minimal involvement in protein digestion.

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