A patient asks about intrauterine insemination (IUI) as a treatment option. What should the nurse explain?
- A. IUI involves placing washed sperm directly into the uterus.
- B. IUI bypasses the need for ovulation tracking.
- C. IUI eliminates the risk of multiple pregnancies.
- D. IUI guarantees fertilization.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because IUI involves placing washed sperm directly into the uterus, increasing the chances of fertilization. This process bypasses potential issues in the reproductive tract and brings sperm closer to the egg, enhancing the likelihood of conception. Options B, C, and D are incorrect as IUI still requires ovulation tracking, does not eliminate the risk of multiple pregnancies, and does not guarantee fertilization as it depends on various factors.
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Cindy, a 36-year-old, has been prescribed Follistim AQ, a follitropin. What information should the nurse include in Cindy's education?
- A. Eggs or oocytes develop within ovarian follicles. The purpose of the medication is to stimulate development of ovarian follicles.
- B. Follistim is a manufactured form of FSH, a hormone released from the pituitary gland during the menstrual cycle.
- C. Rapid weight gain is typical during ovulation induction.
- D. Typical side effects include breast tenderness, changes in mood, and depression.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Cindy is prescribed Follistim AQ to stimulate the development of ovarian follicles, where eggs or oocytes develop. This medication helps in ovulation induction. The nurse should educate Cindy on the medication's purpose, how it works, and the importance of follicle development in the ovulation process.
Choice B is incorrect as Follistim is not a manufactured form of FSH but a specific form of follitropin.
Choice C is incorrect as rapid weight gain is not a typical side effect of ovulation induction with Follistim.
Choice D is incorrect as the typical side effects of Follistim include ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, abdominal pain, and bloating, not breast tenderness, changes in mood, or depression.
The nurse responsible for completing the medical history during a couple's initial visit to the reproductive medicine clinic recognizes which condition as the leading cause of tubal factor infertility in females?
- A. History of endometriosis
- B. History of pelvic inflammatory disease
- C. History of ectopic pregnancy
- D. History of Asherman's syndrome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: History of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). PID can lead to scarring and blockage of the fallopian tubes, causing tubal factor infertility. Step 1: Identify common causes of tubal factor infertility. Step 2: Understand that PID is a major risk factor for tubal damage. Step 3: Recognize the importance of medical history in identifying underlying conditions. Other choices are incorrect because they do not directly relate to tubal factor infertility. Endometriosis (A) can affect fertility but is not the leading cause of tubal factor infertility. Ectopic pregnancy (C) and Asherman's syndrome (D) can impact fertility differently but are not the primary cause of tubal factor infertility.
A client is to receive Pergonal (menotropins) injections for infertility prior to in vitro fertilization. Which of the following is the expected action of this medication?
- A. Prolongation of the luteal phase.
- B. Stimulation of ovulation.
- C. Suppression of menstruation.
- D. Promotion of cervical mucus production.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pergonal stimulates ovulation by promoting the maturation and release of ova.
A patient asks how ovulation predictor kits work. What should the nurse explain?
- A. They measure estrogen levels in the blood.
- B. They detect the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in urine.
- C. They confirm pregnancy after ovulation.
- D. They monitor basal body temperature.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ovulation predictor kits work by detecting the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in urine. LH surge triggers ovulation within 24-48 hours. This surge can be detected in urine, indicating that ovulation is about to occur. Estrogen levels (A) fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle but are not directly related to ovulation. Pregnancy confirmation (C) occurs after ovulation and fertilization. Basal body temperature (D) monitoring helps track ovulation patterns but does not predict ovulation directly.
A couple undergoing fertility treatments asks about the impact of age on success rates. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Success rates remain constant regardless of age.
- B. Younger age is associated with higher success rates for most treatments.
- C. Male age does not impact fertility treatment outcomes.
- D. Age only matters if the woman is over 50.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because younger age is generally associated with higher success rates in fertility treatments due to factors like better egg quality and ovarian reserve. Older women may have lower success rates due to decreased egg quality and quantity. Choice A is incorrect as success rates do vary with age. Choice C is incorrect because male age can impact fertility treatment outcomes. Choice D is incorrect as age can impact fertility treatment outcomes for women younger than 50 as well.