Nokea
A patient is undergoing immunotherapy on a perennial basis. With this form of treatment, the patient receives treatment scheduled in which way?
- A. Larger doses each week
- B. Higher concentrations each week
- C. Increased amounts and concentrations
- D. The same amount and concentration each visit
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Perennial therapy is most widely accepted, because it allows for a higher cumulative dose, which produces a better effect. Perennial therapy begins with a diluted dose of the allergen that is increased progressively each week.
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The nurse outlines for a patient who has asthma attacks from pollen that the process from exposure to symptoms follows a systematic sequence. Which change is the last physiologic responses of an allergic asthma attack?
- A. Release of histamine
- B. Edema
- C. Vasodilation
- D. Activation of mast cells
- E. Bronchospasm
- F. Exposure to pollen
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: The mast cells in the lungs are activated by the exposure to pollen. Histamine is released causing vasodilation, edema, and bronchospasm for the asthmatic.
Which is humoral immunity based on?
- A. Production of antibodies by B cells
- B. T cells are activated by an antigen
- C. The body's response to an antigen
- D. Sensitized T cells destroy the antigen
- E. Helper T cells activate phagocytosis
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Both types of immunity are in response to an antigen, In the humoral response, helper T cells activate phagocytosis and the production of antibodies by the B cells. B cells are the main player in humoral response.
Which concern is a major negative effect of cell-mediated immunity?
- A. Depression of bone marrow
- B. Rejection of transplanted tissue
- C. Activation of the T cells
- D. Stimulation of the B cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cell-mediated immunity has the negative effect of rejection of transplanted tissue. Activation of T cells and stimulation of B cells are the positive basis of the cell-mediated immunity.
The nurse takes into consideration that when the antigen and antibody react, the complement system is activated. This results in which activity?
- A. toughens the cell wall.
- B. generates more T cells.
- C. attracts phagocytes.
- D. makes the antigen resistant.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The complement system is a group of plasma proteins that are dormant until there is an antigen-antibody interaction. The proteins destroy the cell membrane and attract phagocytes.
The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect when caring for a patient undergoing plasmapheresis?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Hypersensitivity
- C. Urticaria
- D. Flank pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypotension occurs during plasmapheresis because of transient volume changes in the blood.